Diabetes insipidus risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of diabetes insipidus vary depending on the type of diabetes insipidus being described. There are a few risk factors in the development of central diabetes which include genetic mutations, pituitary disorders, hypothalamic injury, and head tumors. The most potent risk factor in the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is lithium use as lithium has a very narrow therapeutic index of 0.4-0.8. Excessive water intake has been identified to be the only risk factor associated with psychogenic diabetes insipidus and pregnancy for gestational diabetes insipidus.
Risk Factors
Common Risk Factors
The following are some of the common risk factors associated with the development of diabetes insipidus:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
- Genetics
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Pituitary disorders
- Hypothalamic injury
- Hypercalcemia
- Head tumors
- Pregnancy
- Sickle cell disease
- Amyloidosis
- Lithium use
Less Common Risk Factors
Some less common risk factors are:
- Male Gender
- Family History of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
- Excessive water consumption
- Pregnancy
- Drugs like phenothiazine
References
- ↑ Garofeanu CG, Weir M, Rosas-Arellano MP, Henson G, Garg AX, Clark WF (2005). "Causes of reversible nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: a systematic review". Am. J. Kidney Dis. 45 (4): 626–37. PMID 15806465.
- ↑ Morello JP, Salahpour A, Laperrière A, Bernier V, Arthus MF, Lonergan M, Petäjä-Repo U, Angers S, Morin D, Bichet DG, Bouvier M (2000). "Pharmacological chaperones rescue cell-surface expression and function of misfolded V2 vasopressin receptor mutants". J. Clin. Invest. 105 (7): 887–95. doi:10.1172/JCI8688. PMC 377482. PMID 10749568.
- ↑ Devonald MA, Karet FE (2004). "Renal epithelial traffic jams and one-way streets". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 15 (6): 1370–81. PMID 15153548.
- ↑ Bichet DG (2006). "Hereditary polyuric disorders: new concepts and differential diagnosis". Semin. Nephrol. 26 (3): 224–33. doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.02.004. PMID 16713495.
- ↑ van Lieburg AF, Knoers NV, Monnens LA (1999). "Clinical presentation and follow-up of 30 patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 10 (9): 1958–64. PMID 10477148.
- ↑ Bockenhauer D, Bichet DG (2015). "Pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus". Nat Rev Nephrol. 11 (10): 576–88. doi:10.1038/nrneph.2015.89. PMID 26077742.