Addison's disease history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Addison disease often has an insidious onset. In many cases the disease is only recognized when the patient presents with an acute crisis precipitated by a stressful illness or situation. Acute adrenal insufficiency should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, hypotension, and fever.
History
A detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient of addison's disease include:
- Recent changes in diet: Patients with Addison disease often crave salty foods and are often anorexic.
- Periods regularity: Oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea are features of Addison disease
- Any signs of postural hypotension
- Any recent changes in weight
- History of tuberculosis ? or any exposure to anyone who has been diagnosed with tuberculosis.
- History of any cancer?
- History of other autoimmune disease, such as Graves disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, hypoparathyroidism, vitiligo , pernicious anemia, or diabetes mellitus
- Family history of Addison's disease or any other adrenal disorder?
Symptoms
Addison disease often has an insidious onset. In many cases the disease is only recognized when the patient presents with an acute crisis precipitated by a stressful illness or situation. Acute adrenal insufficiency should be considered in patients presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, hypotension, and fever.[1][2]
Common Symptoms
- Weakness
- Chronic fatigue
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Intolerance of temperature extremes
- Abdominal pain
- Amenorrhea in females
- Craving for salty foods
- Depression
- Dizziness
Symptoms of Addisonian crisis
Symptoms of Addisonian crisis include:
- Dizziness, generalized weakness (fatigue)
- Anorexia
- Sharp, sudden pain in the abdomen, legs, or lower back
- Severe vomiting and diarrhea
- Development of dehydration
- Loss of consciousness
- Hypoglycemia
References
- ↑ Sarkar SB, Sarkar S, Ghosh S, Bandyopadhyay S (2012). "Addison's disease". Contemp Clin Dent. 3 (4): 484–6. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.107450. PMC 3636818. PMID 23633816.
- ↑ Arlt W, Allolio B (2003). "Adrenal insufficiency". Lancet. 361 (9372): 1881–93. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13492-7. PMID 12788587.