Cholera secondary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tarek Nafee, M.D. [2], Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [3], Priyamvada Singh, MBBS [4]
Overview
Secondary prevention of cholera includes prompt and appropriate diagnosis and treatment of patients suspected to have cholera.
Secondary Prevention
In case of suspected cholera within a community, secondary prevention methods include prompt and appropriate diagnosis and management of patients with suspected cholera including:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
- IV fluids (Ringer Lactate is the best, in case of nonavailability of ringer lactate cholera saline or normal saline can be used)
- Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS)
- Antibiotics (doxycycline, erythromycin, tetracycline)
- Rectal swabs and transport medium (Cary Blair or TCBS) for stool samples
- Zinc supplementation for reduced stool output[6]
- Safe water is needed to rehydrate patients and to wash clothes and instruments
- Chlorine or bleaching powder
- Nasogastric tubes
- Drips
- Soap
References
- ↑ Lankarani KB, Alavian SM (2013). "Lessons learned from past cholera epidemics, interventions which are needed today". J Res Med Sci. 18 (8): 630–1. PMC 3872598. PMID 24379835.
- ↑ Hahn S, Kim S, Garner P (2002). "Reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution for treating dehydration caused by acute diarrhoea in children". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (1): CD002847. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002847. PMID 11869639.
- ↑ Kabir I, Khan WA, Haider R, Mitra AK, Alam AN (1996). "Erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in the treatment of cholera in children". J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 14 (4): 243–7. PMID 9203786.
- ↑ Sack DA, Islam S, Rabbani H, Islam A (1978). "Single-dose doxycycline for cholera". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 14 (3): 462–4. PMC 352482. PMID 708024.
- ↑ Roy SK, Hossain MJ, Khatun W, Chakraborty B, Chowdhury S, Begum A; et al. (2008). "Zinc supplementation in children with cholera in Bangladesh: randomised controlled trial". BMJ. 336 (7638): 266–8. doi:10.1136/bmj.39416.646250.AE. PMC 2223005. PMID 18184631.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Nelson EJ, Nelson DS, Salam MA, Sack DA (2011). "Antibiotics for both moderate and severe cholera". N Engl J Med. 364 (1): 5–7. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1013771. PMID 21142691.