Coronary heart disease surgery

Coronary heart disease Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Surgery

• Procedures and surgeries used to treat CHD include:

• Angioplasty and stent placement, called percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs)
• Coronary artery bypass surgery
• Minimally invasive heart surgery

Angina that changes in intensity, character or frequency is termed unstable. Unstable angina may precede myocardial infarction, and requires urgent medical attention. It is treated with morphine, oxygen, intravenous nitroglycerin, and aspirin. Interventional procedures such as angioplasty may be done.

Indications for Revascularization in Chronic Coronary Artery Disease

• Improve symptoms
• Improve long term survival.

Revascularization has not been shown to decrease incidence of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and arrhythmias.

Revascularization in Patients with Diabetes

Patients with diabetes and advanced three-vessel coronary artery disease have shown lower mortality and myocardial infarction rates and higher risk of strokes when undergoing CABG compared to PCI with drug eluting stents.