Spontaneous coronary artery dissection historical perspective

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection Microchapters
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Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Spontaneous coronary artery dissection from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Approach
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
Angiography
CT
MRI
Echocardiography
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Treatment Approach
Medical Therapy
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Type 1 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Case 7 Type 2A Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6 Type 2B Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Type 3 Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 Case 4 Case 5 Case 6

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.

Synonyms and keywords: SCAD

Historical Perspective

Over the next 8 decades, subsequent SCAD publications consisted mostly of isolated case reports and small case series. However, there has been a surge in the diagnosis of SCAD in recent years, presumably due to the increased use of coronary angiography in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes (ACS), as well as the clinical availability and application of high-resolution intracoronary imaging (especially optical coherence tomography [OCT]) that enhances diagnosis. As such, of the w1,500 reported SCAD cases to date, about one-half were published in the past 5 years (5–15). The improved recognition and diagnosis, together with the increased number of publications and attention through social media, have considerably raised awareness of this condition (16), once believed to be very rare. The first online community of SCAD patients on Inspire (17), developed by WomenHeart (The National Coalition for Women With Heart Disease) as a social networking site, has improved patient awareness. Simultaneously, publications of larger contemporary case series of SCAD have helped elucidate the early natural history, presenting char- acteristics (clinical and angiographic), the underlying etiology, the management, and the outcomes of this condition. These studies have provided observations and important clinical insights, reflected in expert opinions on management strategies, which are of value to clinicians managing this challenging and perplexing patient cohort.