Matrix metallopeptidase 12

Matrix metallopeptidase 12 (macrophage elastase)
File:PBB Protein MMP12 image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1jiz.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1jiz​, 1jk3​, 1os2​, 1os9​, 1rmz​, 1ros​, 1utt​, 1utz​, 1y93​, 1ycm​, 1z3j​, 2hu6​, 2oxu​, 2oxw​, 2oxz​
Identifiers
Symbols	MMP12 ; MME; HME; MGC138506
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 20547
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE MMP12 204580 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Matrix metallopeptidase 12 (macrophage elastase), also known as MMP12, is a human gene.

Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. It is thought that the protein encoded by this gene is cleaved at both ends to yield the active enzyme, but this processing has not been fully described. The enzyme degrades soluble and insoluble elastin. It may play a role in aneurysm formation and studies in mice suggest a role in the development of emphysema. The gene is part of a cluster of MMP genes which localize to chromosome 11q22.3.

Further reading

• Nagase H, Woessner JF (1999). "Matrix metalloproteinases". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (31): 21491–4. PMID 10419448.
• Belaaouaj A, Shipley JM, Kobayashi DK; et al. (1995). "Human macrophage metalloelastase. Genomic organization, chromosomal location, gene linkage, and tissue-specific expression". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (24): 14568–75. PMID 7782320.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Shapiro SD, Kobayashi DK, Ley TJ (1993). "Cloning and characterization of a unique elastolytic metalloproteinase produced by human alveolar macrophages". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (32): 23824–9. PMID 8226919.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pendás AM, Santamaría I, Alvarez MV; et al. (1997). "Fine physical mapping of the human matrix metalloproteinase genes clustered on chromosome 11q22.3". Genomics. 37 (2): 266–8. PMID 8921407.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gronski TJ, Martin RL, Kobayashi DK; et al. (1997). "Hydrolysis of a broad spectrum of extracellular matrix proteins by human macrophage elastase". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (18): 12189–94. PMID 9115292.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Edelstein C, Shapiro SD, Klezovitch O, Scanu AM (1999). "Macrophage metalloelastase, MMP-12, cleaves human apolipoprotein(a) in the linker region between kringles IV-4 and IV-5. Potential relevance to lipoprotein(a) biology". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (15): 10019–23. PMID 10187779.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S; et al. (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. PMID 10737800.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wert SE, Yoshida M, LeVine AM; et al. (2000). "Increased metalloproteinase activity, oxidant production, and emphysema in surfactant protein D gene-inactivated mice". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (11): 5972–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.100448997. PMID 10801980.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Belaaouaj AA, Li A, Wun TC; et al. (2000). "Matrix metalloproteinases cleave tissue factor pathway inhibitor. Effects on coagulation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (35): 27123–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004218200. PMID 10859319.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hiller O, Lichte A, Oberpichler A; et al. (2000). "Matrix metalloproteinases collagenase-2, macrophage elastase, collagenase-3, and membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase impair clotting by degradation of fibrinogen and factor XII". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (42): 33008–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001836200. PMID 10930399.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Terp GE, Christensen IT, Jørgensen FS (2000). "Structural differences of matrix metalloproteinases. Homology modeling and energy minimization of enzyme-substrate complexes". J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. 17 (6): 933–46. PMID 10949161.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Agapova OA, Ricard CS, Salvador-Silva M, Hernandez MR (2001). "Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in human optic nerve head astrocytes". Glia. 33 (3): 205–16. PMID 11241738.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lang R, Kocourek A, Braun M; et al. (2001). "Substrate specificity determinants of human macrophage elastase (MMP-12) based on the 1.1 A crystal structure". J. Mol. Biol. 312 (4): 731–42. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4954. PMID 11575928.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Nar H, Werle K, Bauer MM; et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of human macrophage elastase (MMP-12) in complex with a hydroxamic acid inhibitor". J. Mol. Biol. 312 (4): 743–51. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4953. PMID 11575929.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Joos L, He JQ, Shepherdson MB; et al. (2002). "The role of matrix metalloproteinase polymorphisms in the rate of decline in lung function". Hum. Mol. Genet. 11 (5): 569–76. PMID 11875051.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Andolfo A, English WR, Resnati M; et al. (2003). "Metalloproteases cleave the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in the D1-D2 linker region and expose epitopes not present in the intact soluble receptor". Thromb. Haemost. 88 (2): 298–306. PMID 12195704.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Vos CM, van Haastert ES, de Groot CJ; et al. (2003). "Matrix metalloproteinase-12 is expressed in phagocytotic macrophages in active multiple sclerosis lesions". J. Neuroimmunol. 138 (1–2): 106–14. PMID 12742660.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Anghelina M, Schmeisser A, Krishnan P; et al. (2003). "Migration of monocytes/macrophages in vitro and in vivo is accompanied by MMP12-dependent tunnel formation and by neovascularization". Cold Spring Harb. Symp. Quant. Biol. 67: 209–15. PMID 12858542.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)