CA12

Carbonic anhydrase XII
PDB rendering based on 1jcz.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1jcz​, 1jd0​
Identifiers
Symbols	CA12 ; CAXII; FLJ20151; HsT18816
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 20327
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Carbonic anhydrase XII, also known as CA12, is a human gene.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. This gene product is a type I membrane protein that is highly expressed in normal tissues, such as kidney, colon and pancreas, and has been found to be overexpressed in 10% of clear cell renal carcinomas. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.

Further reading

• Sahin U, Türeci O, Schmitt H; et al. (1996). "Human neoplasms elicit multiple specific immune responses in the autologous host". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (25): 11810–3. PMID 8524854.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Türeci O, Sahin U, Vollmar E; et al. (1998). "Human carbonic anhydrase XII: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal localization of a carbonic anhydrase gene that is overexpressed in some renal cell cancers". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (13): 7608–13. PMID 9636197.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ivanov SV, Kuzmin I, Wei MH; et al. (1998). "Down-regulation of transmembrane carbonic anhydrases in renal cell carcinoma cell lines by wild-type von Hippel-Lindau transgenes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (21): 12596–601. PMID 9770531.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fujikawa-Adachi K, Nishimori I, Taguchi T, Onishi S (1999). "Human carbonic anhydrase XIV (CA14): cDNA cloning, mRNA expression, and mapping to chromosome 1". Genomics. 61 (1): 74–81. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5938. PMID 10512682.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Karhumaa P, Parkkila S, Türeci O; et al. (2000). "Identification of carbonic anhydrase XII as the membrane isozyme expressed in the normal human endometrial epithelium". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 6 (1): 68–74. PMID 10611263.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kivelä A, Parkkila S, Saarnio J; et al. (2000). "Expression of a novel transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isozyme XII in normal human gut and colorectal tumors". Am. J. Pathol. 156 (2): 577–84. PMID 10666387.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kivelä AJ, Parkkila S, Saarnio J; et al. (2001). "Expression of transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes IX and XII in normal human pancreas and pancreatic tumours". Histochem. Cell Biol. 114 (3): 197–204. PMID 11083462.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Parkkila S, Parkkila AK, Saarnio J; et al. (2001). "Expression of the membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase isozyme XII in the human kidney and renal tumors". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 48 (12): 1601–8. PMID 11101628.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wykoff CC, Beasley N, Watson PH; et al. (2001). "Expression of the hypoxia-inducible and tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast". Am. J. Pathol. 158 (3): 1011–9. PMID 11238049.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Karhumaa P, Kaunisto K, Parkkila S; et al. (2001). "Expression of the transmembrane carbonic anhydrases, CA IX and CA XII, in the human male excurrent ducts". Mol. Hum. Reprod. 7 (7): 611–6. PMID 11420383.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Whittington DA, Waheed A, Ulmasov B; et al. (2001). "Crystal structure of the dimeric extracellular domain of human carbonic anhydrase XII, a bitopic membrane protein overexpressed in certain cancer tumor cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (17): 9545–50. doi:10.1073/pnas.161301298. PMID 11493685.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kivela AJ, Saarnio J, Karttunen TJ; et al. (2001). "Differential expression of cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrases, CA I and II, and membrane-associated isozymes, CA IX and XII, in normal mucosa of large intestine and in colorectal tumors". Dig. Dis. Sci. 46 (10): 2179–86. PMID 11680594.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Liao SY, Ivanov S, Ivanova A; et al. (2003). "Expression of cell surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrase genes CA9 and CA12 in the human eye: overexpression of CA12 (CAXII) in glaucoma". J. Med. Genet. 40 (4): 257–61. PMID 12676895.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Leppilampi M, Saarnio J, Karttunen TJ; et al. (2003). "Carbonic anhydrase isozymes IX and XII in gastric tumors". World J. Gastroenterol. 9 (7): 1398–403. PMID 12854129.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kyllönen MS, Parkkila S, Rajaniemi H; et al. (2003). "Localization of carbonic anhydrase XII to the basolateral membrane of H+-secreting cells of mouse and rat kidney". J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51 (9): 1217–24. PMID 12923247.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Tarun AS, Bryant B, Zhai W; et al. (2004). "Gene expression for carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in human nasal mucosa". Chem. Senses. 28 (7): 621–9. PMID 14578124.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T; et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA; et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kivela AJ, Parkkila S, Saarnio J; et al. (2005). "Expression of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor and tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases IX and XII in normal and neoplastic colorectal mucosa". World J. Gastroenterol. 11 (17): 2616–25. PMID 15849821.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)