PRKAR2B

Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta
File:PBB Protein PRKAR2B image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1cx4.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1cx4​
Identifiers
Symbols	PRKAR2B ; PRKAR2; RII-BETA
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 37666
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE PRKAR2B 203680 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type II, beta, also known as PRKAR2B, is a human gene.

cAMP is a signaling molecule important for a variety of cellular functions. cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK), which transduces the signal through phosphorylation of different target proteins. The inactive holoenzyme of AMPK is a tetramer composed of two regulatory and two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits of AMPK have been identified in humans. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the regulatory subunits. This subunit can be phosphorylated by the activated catalytic subunit. This subunit has been shown to interact with and suppress the transcriptional activity of the cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) in activated T cells. Knockout studies in mice suggest that this subunit may play an important role in regulating energy balance and adiposity. The studies also suggest that this subunit may mediate the gene induction and cataleptic behavior induced by haloperidol.

Further reading

• Harrich D, McMillan N, Munoz L; et al. (2007). "Will diverse Tat interactions lead to novel antiretroviral drug targets?". Current drug targets. 7 (12): 1595–606. PMID 17168834.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Luo Z, Singh IS, Fujihira T, Erlichman J (1992). "Characterization of a minimal promoter element required for transcription of the mouse type II beta regulatory subunit (RII beta) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (34): 24738–47. PMID 1332964.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Solberg R, Sistonen P, Träskelin AL; et al. (1992). "Mapping of the regulatory subunits RI beta and RII beta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase genes on human chromosome 7". Genomics. 14 (1): 63–9. PMID 1358799.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Rios RM, Celati C, Lohmann SM; et al. (1992). "Identification of a high affinity binding protein for the regulatory subunit RII beta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in Golgi enriched membranes of human lymphoblasts". EMBO J. 11 (5): 1723–31. PMID 1582408.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Tortora G, Clair T, Cho-Chung YS (1990). "An antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeted against the type II beta regulatory subunit mRNA of protein kinase inhibits cAMP-induced differentiation in HL-60 leukemia cells without affecting phorbol ester effects". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (2): 705–8. PMID 1689049.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Baldwin RL; et al. (1991). "HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism". J. Immunol. 145 (11): 3699–705. PMID 1978848.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Levy FO, Oyen O, Sandberg M; et al. (1989). "Molecular cloning, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid structure and predicted full-length amino acid sequence of the hormone-inducible regulatory subunit of 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase from human testis". Mol. Endocrinol. 2 (12): 1364–73. PMID 2851102.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Scambler P, Oyen O, Wainwright B; et al. (1987). "Exclusion of catalytic and regulatory subunits of cAMP-dependent protein kinase as candidate genes for the defect causing cystic fibrosis". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 41 (5): 925–32. PMID 3479018.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Wainwright B, Lench N, Davies K; et al. (1988). "A human regulatory subunit of type II cAMP-dependent protein kinase localized by its linkage relationship to several cloned chromosome 7q markers". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 45 (3–4): 237–9. PMID 3691190.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Budillon A, Cereseto A, Kondrashin A; et al. (1995). "Point mutation of the autophosphorylation site or in the nuclear location signal causes protein kinase A RII beta regulatory subunit to lose its ability to revert transformed fibroblasts". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (23): 10634–8. PMID 7479855.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Nguyen T; et al. (1993). "Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (14): 6676–80. PMID 7688126.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Berg JP, Ree AH, Sandvik JA; et al. (1995). "1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 alters the effect of cAMP in thyroid cells by increasing the regulatory subunit type II beta of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (51): 32233–8. PMID 7798223.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Li Y, Rubin CS (1995). "Mutagenesis of the regulatory subunit (RII beta) of cAMP-dependent protein kinase II beta reveals hydrophobic amino acids that are essential for RII beta dimerization and/or anchoring RII beta to the cytoskeleton". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (4): 1935–44. PMID 7829531.
• Hofmann B, Nishanian P, Fan J; et al. (1994). "HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro". AIDS. 8 (7): 1016–7. PMID 7946090.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Glantz SB, Li Y, Rubin CS (1993). "Characterization of distinct tethering and intracellular targeting domains in AKAP75, a protein that links cAMP-dependent protein kinase II beta to the cytoskeleton". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (17): 12796–804. PMID 8509414.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Keryer G, Luo Z, Cavadore JC; et al. (1993). "Phosphorylation of the regulatory subunit of type II beta cAMP-dependent protein kinase by cyclin B/p34cdc2 kinase impairs its binding to microtubule-associated protein 2". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (12): 5418–22. PMID 8516283.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Swingler S, Gallay P, Camaur D; et al. (1997). "The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix". J. Virol. 71 (6): 4372–7. PMID 9151826.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Chen P, Mayne M, Power C, Nath A (1997). "The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (36): 22385–8. PMID 9278385.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Huang LJ, Durick K, Weiner JA; et al. (1997). "D-AKAP2, a novel protein kinase A anchoring protein with a putative RGS domain". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (21): 11184–9. PMID 9326583.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zidovetzki R, Wang JL, Chen P; et al. (1998). "Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 14 (10): 825–33. PMID 9671211.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)