Tongue cancer causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2] Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]
Overview
Tongue cancer is caused by a point mutation in the tumor suppressor gene (TP53). The other oncogenes associated with oral squamous cell cancers of tongue include c-myc and erb -b1.
Causes
The main cause of tongue cancer is genetic mutations due to precancerous lesions or chronic inflammation as follows:[1]
- The mutations in tumor suppressor genes has been reported in patients with cancers of the oral cavity.
- The most abundant carcinogens in tobacco constitute nitrosamines. Nitrosamines can damage DNA, leading to point mutations.
- These point mutations lead to deregulation of tumor suppressor genes (TP53), which is located on chromosome 17.
- The other oncogenes associated with oral squamous cell cancers of tongue include c-myc and erb -b1.
- Tobacco exposure causes progressive sequential histological changes to the oral mucosa. Prolonged period of exposure eventually leads to neoplastic transformation, in particular changes in the expression of p53 mutations.
References
- ↑ Abbas NF, Labib El-Sharkawy S, Abbas EA, Abdel Monem El-Shaer M (2007). "Immunohistochemical study of p53 and angiogenesis in benign and preneoplastic oral lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma". Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 103 (3): 385–90. doi:10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.11.008. PMID 17321451.