Autoimmune pancreatitis medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Iqra Qamar M.D.[2]

Overview

Medical Therapy

Glucocorticoids:

  • Glucocorticoids are found to play an important role in the management of autoimmune pancreatitis via several ways such as:
    • Efficacy in alleviating symptoms
    • Decreasing the size of the pancreas
    • Reversing histopathologic features in patients with AIP
    • Improvement of lab findings such as
      • Resolution of hypergammaglobulinemia
      • Autoantibodies become undetectable
Monitoring of clinical parameters in patients on glucocorticoid therapy:
  • Glucocorticoids are tapered depending upon following clinical parameters:
    • Relief of symptoms
    • Serial changes in abdominal imaging of the pancreas and bile ducts
    • Decreased serum γ-globulin and IgG4 levels
    • Improvements in liver function tests
      • Preferred regimen : Prednisone is usually administered at an initial dose of 40 mg/d for 4 weeks followed by a taper of the daily dosage by 5 mg/wk depending upon the clinical parameters.
      • 1.1.2 Pediatric
        • 1.1.2.1 (Specific population e.g. children < 8 years of age)
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg PO per day q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name 30 mg/kg PO per day in 2 divided doses (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (3): drug name 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
        • 1.1.2.2 (Specific population e.g. 'children < 8 years of age')
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h(maximum, 100 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (3): drug name 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
    • 1.2 Specific Organ system involved 2
      • 1.2.1 Adult
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q8h
      • 1.2.2 Pediatric
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
  • 2 Stage 2 - Name of stage
    • 2.1 Specific Organ system involved 1
      Note (1):
      Note (2):
      Note (3):
      • 2.1.1 Adult
        • Parenteral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 2 g IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 2 g IV q8h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 18–24 MU/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days
        • Oral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name 100 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Preferred regimen (3): drug name 500 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 500 mg PO q12h for 14–21 days
          • Alternative regimen (3):drug name 500 mg PO q6h for 14–21 days
      • 2.1.2 Pediatric
        • Parenteral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50–75 mg/kg IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 2 g)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 150–200 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 6 g per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2):  drug name 200,000–400,000 U/kg/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 18–24 million U per day) '(Contraindications/specific instructions)'
        • Oral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name (for children aged ≥ 8 years) 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 100 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (3): drug name 30 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 10 mg/kg PO q6h 7–10 days (maximum, 500 mg per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14–21 days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (3): drug name 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h for 14–21 days (maximum,500 mg per dose)
    • 2.2 'Other Organ system involved 2'
      Note (1):
      Note (2):
      Note (3):
      • 2.2.1 Adult
        • Parenteral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 2 g IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 2 g IV q8h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 18–24 MU/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days
        • Oral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name 100 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Preferred regimen (3): drug name 500 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 500 mg PO q12h for 14–21 days
          • Alternative regimen (3):drug name 500 mg PO q6h for 14–21 days
      • 2.2.2 Pediatric
        • Parenteral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50–75 mg/kg IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 2 g)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 150–200 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 6 g per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2):  drug name 200,000–400,000 U/kg/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 18–24 million U per day)
        • Oral regimen
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 100 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (3): drug name 30 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 10 mg/kg PO q6h 7–10 days (maximum, 500 mg per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14–21 days (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (3): drug name 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h for 14–21 days (maximum,500 mg per dose)

References

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