Gastrointestinal perforation causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]

Overview

Immune-mediated or inflammatory Crohn’s disease (CD) Celiac disease or gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE) Collagenous sprue Graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) Infections Viral: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Bacteria: Salmonella paratyphi, mycobacterium tuberculosis Parasites: Ascaris lumbricoides Protozoa: Entameba histolytica Drugs and biological agents NSAIDs: Indomethacin Enteric-coated potassium chloride Chemotherapy (?steroids) Monoclonal antibodies: Bevicuzimab Congenital Meckel’s diverticulum Jejunal or ileal duplications Metabolic Homocystinuria Vascular Wegener’s granulomatosis Giant cell arteritis Allergic granulomatous arteritis (i.e., Churg-Strauss syndrome) Henoch-schonlein purpura Buerger’s disease Atherosclerotic vascular occlusion Radiation-induced vascular injury Neoplasm Primary (adenocarcinoma, EATCL, angiosarcoma) Secondary (melanoma, breast, mesothelioma, lung)