Hepatocellular carcinoma Diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dildar Hussain, MBBS [2]
Overview
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Gold standard:
- Core liver biopsy is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Two out of the following three positive stains upon liver biopsy confirm HCC:[1]
The comparison table for diagnostic studies of choice for hepatocellular carcinoma:[2]
| Diagnostic Test | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| Percutaneous Ultrasound guided liver biopsy | 90% | 91% |
| Percutaneous CT guided liver biopsy | 92% | 98% |
Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
The core needle biopsy should be performed when:[3]
- A positive hepatic nodule is detected in the patient on imaging studies.
- The patient has underlying risk factors i.e HBV infection,HCV infection or liver cirrhosis.
Diagnostic Criteria
- Hepatocellular carcinoma may be diagnosed at any time if two or more of the following criteria are met:
- Two out of the following three positive stains upon liver biopsy confirm HCC:[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Pathologic diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma: a report of the international consensus group for hepatocellular neoplasia". Hepatology. 49 (2): 658–64. 2009. doi:10.1002/hep.22709. PMID 19177576.
- ↑ El-Serag HB, Marrero JA, Rudolph L, Reddy KR (2008). "Diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma". Gastroenterology. 134 (6): 1752–63. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.090. PMID 18471552.
- ↑ Song DS, Bae SH (2012). "Changes of guidelines diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma during the last ten-year period". Clin Mol Hepatol. 18 (3): 258–67. doi:10.3350/cmh.2012.18.3.258. PMC 3467428. PMID 23091805.