Femoral hernia natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: M. Khurram Afzal, MD [2]
Overview
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
OR
Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
OR
Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- If left untreated, 44%-86% of patients with femoral hernia may progress to develop strangulation/incarceration.[1][2]
Complications
- Common complications of femoral hernia include:[3][4][5][6]
- Strangulation or Incarceration
- Bowel obstruction
- Intestinal necrosis
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
- Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
- The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
- [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
- The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.
References
- ↑ Oishi SN, Page CP, Schwesinger WH (1991). "Complicated presentations of groin hernias". Am J Surg. 162 (6): 568–70, discussion 571. PMID 1670226.
- ↑ Hachisuka T (2003). "Femoral hernia repair". Surg Clin North Am. 83 (5): 1189–205. doi:10.1016/S0039-6109(03)00120-8. PMID 14533910.
- ↑ Dahlstrand U, Wollert S, Nordin P, Sandblom G, Gunnarsson U (2009). "Emergency femoral hernia repair: a study based on a national register". Ann. Surg. 249 (4): 672–6. doi:10.1097/SLA.0b013e31819ed943. PMID 19300219.
- ↑ Koch A, Edwards A, Haapaniemi S, Nordin P, Kald A (2005). "Prospective evaluation of 6895 groin hernia repairs in women". Br J Surg. 92 (12): 1553–8. doi:10.1002/bjs.5156. PMID 16187268.
- ↑ Nilsson H, Stylianidis G, Haapamäki M, Nilsson E, Nordin P (2007). "Mortality after groin hernia surgery". Ann. Surg. 245 (4): 656–60. doi:10.1097/01.sla.0000251364.32698.4b. PMC 1877035. PMID 17414617.
- ↑ Alimoglu O, Kaya B, Okan I, Dasiran F, Guzey D, Bas G; et al. (2006). "Femoral hernia: a review of 83 cases". Hernia. 10 (1): 70–3. doi:10.1007/s10029-005-0045-3. PMID 16283073.