Cholangiocarcinoma echocardiography or ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farima Kahe M.D. [2] Suveenkrishna Pothuru, M.B,B.S. [3]

Overview

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name].

OR

Echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on an echocardiography/ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name]. However, an echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

• Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound diagnostic of cholangiocarcinoma include:
• Arterial phase:

• Peripheral irregular rim-like enhancement
• Heterogeneous central hypoenhancement

• Portal venous phase/delayed phase:

• Decreased echogenicity relative to background liver ("wash out")

Mass-forming intrahepatic: tumors will be homogeneous mass of intermediate echogenicity with a peripheral hypoechoic halo of compressed liver. They tend to be well delineated but irregular in outline, and are often associated with capsular retraction, which if present is helpful in distinguishing cholangiocarcinomas from other hepatic tumors.

Periductal infiltrating intrahepatic: tumors typically are associated with altered caliber bile duct (narrowed or dilated) without a well-defined mass.

Intraductal: tumors are characterized by alterations in duct caliber, usually duct