Pneumothorax causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

Overview

Causes

Pneumothorax can also occur as part of medical procedures, such as the insertion of a central venous catheter (an intravenous catheter) in thesubclavian vein or jugular vein. While rare, it is considered a serious complication and needs immediate treatment. Other causes include mechanical ventilation, emphysema and rarely other lung diseases (pneumonia).^[1]

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Less Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Pulmonary embolism
Chemical / poisoning	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Dermatomyositis
Drug Side Effect	Cidofovir, Dornase Alfa, Pentamidine Isethionate, Pramipexole
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Homocystinuria, Marfan syndrome, Pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Cystic fibrosis
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	Acupuncture, Cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Central venous catheter, Lung biopsy, Mechanical ventilation, Positive end expiratory pressure
Infectious Disease	Bacterial pneumonia with abscess, Coccidiomycosis, Echinococcosis, Lung abscess, Lung infection, Measles, Paragonimiasis, Pneumoconiosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Pneumonia, Tuberculosis , Whooping cough, Hydatid lung disease
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Polymyositis, Dermatomyositis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Ankylosing spondylitis, Rib fracture
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic	Homocystinuria
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Catamenial pneumothorax , Endometriosis
Oncologic	Bronchogenic carcinoma, Lung cancer
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Adult respiratory distress syndrome, Bronchial asthma, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Coal worker pneumoconiosis, Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation, Congenital lobar emphysema, Cystic fibrosis, Emphysema, Eosinophilic granuloma, Histiocytosis X, Hydatid lung disease, Lung cancer, Lung cavity, Lung fistula , Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Meconium aspiration syndrome, Pleuropulmonary blastoma, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary fibrosis, Pulmonary hemosiderosis, Pulmonary lymphangiomatoid granulomatosis, Respiratory distress syndrome (neonatal), Rheumatoid lung disease, Rupture of cysts, Sleep apnea, Subpleural blebs, Primary spontaneous pneumothorax, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, Lung abscess, Lung infection, Catamenial pneumothorax , Tension pneumothorax
Renal / Electrolyte	Bilateral renal agenesis,Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Ankylosing spondylitis, Sarcoidosis, Systemic sclerosis, Rheumatoid lung disease
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Barotrauma, Blunt trauma, Flail chest, Gunshot wound, Lung injury, Penetrating chest injury, Rib fracture, Tension pneumothorax
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Air travel, Decompression sickness, Deployment of vehicle's air bag, Excessively deep breath, Forceful outburst of laughing, Foreign body inhalation, Idiopathic, Mountain climbing at high altitudes, Scuba diving, Sudden chest compression

Causes in Alphabetical Order

3

References

↑ Tsotsolis N, Tsirgogianni K, Kioumis I, Pitsiou G, Baka S, Papaiwannou A; et al. (2015). "Pneumothorax as a complication of central venous catheter insertion". Ann Transl Med. 3 (3): 40. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.02.11. PMC 4356862. PMID 25815301.

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[pmid25815301-1] Tsotsolis N, Tsirgogianni K, Kioumis I, Pitsiou G, Baka S, Papaiwannou A; et al. (2015). "Pneumothorax as a complication of central venous catheter insertion". Ann Transl Med. 3 (3): 40. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.02.11. PMC 4356862. PMID 25815301.

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