Schizophrenia classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]
Classification Based on Subtypes
Historically, schizophrenia in the West was classified into simple, catatonic, hebephrenic (now known as disorganized), and paranoid. The DSM- IV contains five sub-classifications of schizophrenia: Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated and residual type, but, this classification has been eliminated due to their limited diagnostic stability, low reliability and poor validity.
According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, (DSM-5), to meet the criteria for diagnosis of schizophrenia, the patient must have experienced at least 2 (or more) of the following symptoms: Delusions Hallucinations Disorganized speech Disorganized or catatonic behavior Negative symptoms At least 1 of the symptoms must be the presence of delusions, hallucinations, or disorganized speech.
Continuous signs of the disturbance must persist for at least 6 months, during which the patient must experience at least 1 month of active symptoms (or less if successfully treated), with impairment in social, occupational and other significant areas of functioning.