Differentiating vasculitis from other diseases

Vasculitis
Overview
Classification Large-sized vessel vasculitis Takayasu's Arteritis Temporal Arteritis Medium-sized vessel vasculitis Kawasaki's Disease Polyarteritis Nodosa Small-sized vessel vasculitis Churg-Strauss Syndrome Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis Essential cryoglobulinemic vasculitis Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Microscopic polyangiitis Wegener's Granulomatosis Variable-sized vessel vasculitis Sjogren syndrome Cogan syndrome Single organ vasculitis Primary central nervous system angiitis
Causes
Differential Diagnosis

gsEditor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Differential Diagnosis

Abbreviations: ABG= Arterial blood gas, ANP= Atrial natriuretic peptide, BNP= Brain natriuretic peptide, CBC= Complete blood count, COPD= Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CRP= C-reactive protein, CT= Computed tomography, CXR= Chest X-ray, DVT= Deep vein thrombosis, ESR= Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HRCT= High Resolution CT, IgE= Immunoglobulin E, LDH= Lactate dehydrogenase, PCWP= Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.

Diseases			Clinical manifestations								Para-clinical findings							Gold standard	Additional findings
			Symptoms					Physical examination
											Lab Findings				Imaging
			Headache	Fever	Weight loss	Arthralgia	Claudication	Bruit	HTN	Focal neurological disorder	Biomarker	CBC	ESR	Other	X-ray	CT scan	Angiography
Large-Vessel Vasculitis	Takayasu arteritis
	Giant cell arteritis
	Neurological disease	Cerebral aneurysm
		Neurofibromatosis type 1
		Neurofibromatosis type 2
	Systemic disease	Fibromuscular dysplasia
		Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
		Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)
		Amyloidosis
Medium-Vessel Vasculitis	Polyarteritis nodosa
	Hepatitis B virus-associated polyarteritis nodosa
	Kawasaki disease
	Infectious disease	Parvovirus B19 infection
		Scarlet fever
		Toxic shock syndrome
		Mononucleosis
		Leptospirosis
		Lyme Disease
		Measles
		Pediatric Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
		Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
		Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
	Cardiovascular disease	Atrial Myxoma
		Cholesterol Embolism
		Segmental arterial mediolysis
	Systemic disease	Antiphospholipid Syndrome
		Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Small-Vessel Vasculitis	ANCA-associated vasculitis	Microscopic polyangiitis
		Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s)
		Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)
		Hydralazine-associated ANCA-associated vasculitis
	Immune complex small-vessel vasculitis	Anti-glomerular basement membrane disease
		Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
		Hepatitis C virus-associated cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
		IgA vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein purpura)
		Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis (anti-C1q vasculitis)
	Gastrointestinal disease	Acute mesenteric ischemia
	Cardiovascular disease	Infective Endocarditis
		Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis
	Pulmonary disease	Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
		Lung Abscess
		Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
		Small Cell Lung Cancer
		Asthma
		Pulmonary Infarction
	Renal disease	Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
	Hematologic disease	Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome
		Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
		Multiple Myeloma
		Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
		Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
		Serum Sickness
		Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
		Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
		B cell lymphoproliferative disorder
	Systemic disease	Sarcoidosis
		Legionella Infection
		Systemic lupus erythematosus
		Rheumatoid arthritis
		Relapsing polychondritis
Variable-vessel vasculitis	Behçet’s syndrome
	Cogan's syndrome
	Gastrointestinal disease	Inflammatory Bowel Disease
		Whipple's disease
		Sjögren's syndrome
Single-organ vasculitis	Primary central nervous system vasculitis
	Infectious disease	Aspergillosis
		Histoplasmosis
		Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
	Systemic disease	Eclampsia
		Fibromuscular Dysplasia