Restless legs syndrome risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Risk Factors
- Advancing age
- Family history of restless legs syndrome
- Female gender
- European descent[1]
The exact cause of RLS is not clear yet but the disease may be related to this conditions:[2][3][4][5]
- Hypertension
- Cardiovascular diseases
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Iron deficiency
- Anemia
- Kidney diseases
- Stroke
- Parkinson disease
- Polyneuropathy
- Multiple sclerosis
Genetic Causes
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of RLS include: RLS 1: 12q and RLS 2: 14q and RLS 3: 9p and RLS 4: 2q and RLS 5: 20p.[6]
- 40% of cases of RLS are familial and are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with variable penetrance.
References
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
- ↑ Guo S, Huang J, Jiang H, Han C, Li J, Xu X; et al. (2017). "Restless Legs Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Diagnosis and Management". Front Aging Neurosci. 9: 171. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2017.00171. PMC 5454050. PMID 28626420.
- ↑ Katsi V, Katsimichas T, Kallistratos MS, Tsekoura D, Makris T, Manolis AJ; et al. (2014). "The association of Restless Legs Syndrome with hypertension and cardiovascular disease". Med Sci Monit. 20: 654–9. doi:10.12659/MSM.890252. PMC 3999161. PMID 24747872.
- ↑ Cotter PE, O'Keeffe ST (2006). "Restless leg syndrome: is it a real problem?". Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2 (4): 465–75. PMC 1936366. PMID 18360657.
- ↑ Trenkwalder C, Allen R, Högl B, Paulus W, Winkelmann J (2016). "Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: A systematic review and new concept". Neurology. 86 (14): 1336–43. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000002542. PMC 4826337. PMID 26944272.
- ↑ Miyamoto M, Miyamoto T, Iwanami M, Suzuki K, Hirata K (2009). "[Pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome]". Brain Nerve. 61 (5): 523–32. PMID 19514512.