Chronic myelogenous leukemia historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamad Alkateb, MBBCh [2]
Overview
In the 1840s, the first cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (splenomegaly with high leukocyte count) was reported in France, Germany, and Scotland. In 1960, the association of Philadelphia chromosome with the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia was first discovered. In 1973, (9;22) translocation was first discovered.[1]
Patients with splenomegaly and abnormally high leukocyte counts were first recognized in France, Germany, and Scotland in the 1840s. These early cases were probably examples of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (then called chronic granulocytic leukemia). In the 20th century important steps in unraveling the pathogenesis of CML were the discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome in 1960, and of the (9;22) translocation in 1973. There followed definition of the breakpoint cluster region on chromosome 22 in 1984 and the demonstration of the BCR-ABL transcript in CML in 1985. In the first half of the 20th century patients were treated predominantly with radiotherapy, and later on with busulfan, hydroxycarbamide, or interferon-alfa (IFN-α). From 1980 onwards allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) became the treatment of choice for eligible patients. The era of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) began in 1998 and today the use of the original TKI, imatinib, has replaced SCT as initial therapy for patients who present with CML in chronic phase.PMID:20875546
Historical Perspective
Important dates in chronic myelogenous leukemia:[1][2]
- In the 1840s, the first cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia was first reported.
- In 1960, Philadelphia chromosome was first discovered by Peter Nowell and David Hungerford.
- In 1973, (9;22) translocation was first discovered.
- From 1980, allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) became the treatment of choice for eligible patients.
- In 1984, definition of the breakpoint cluster region on chromosome 22 was first reported.
- In 1985, the BCR-ABL transcript was first discovered.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Goldman, John M. (2010). "Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Historical Perspective". Seminars in Hematology. 47 (4): 302–311. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.07.001. ISSN 0037-1963.
- ↑ Nowell PC (2007). "Discovery of the Philadelphia chromosome: a personal perspective". Journal of Clinical Investigation. 117 (8): 2033–2035. PMID 17671636.