Horseshoe kidney natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJ)
Recurrent infections occur because of urine stasis and associated vesicoureteral reflux.
Nephrolithiasis related to UPJ obstruction or infection may occur.
An increased risk of trauma to the isthmus exists because of its position anterior to the spine.
Some evidence suggests an increased incidence of certain renal tumors in horseshoe kidney.