Interstitial nephritis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohsen Basiri M.D.
Synonyms and keywords: Tubulo-interstitial nephritis
Overview
Two main diseases involve the renal tubules are: Acute tubular necrosis due to Ischemic or toxic injury
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and tubulointerstitial nephritis with Inflammatory involvement of tubules and interstitium and its consequent reactions.
since The majority cases of TIN are due to bacterial infection, and the renal pelvis is deeply involved, therefore pyelonephritis is term describes this condition. And In general
,The term interstitial nephritis is used for TIN that are owing to nonbacterial causes of tubular injury such as drugs, viral infections autoimmune systemic diseases.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) commonly attributes to inflammatory diseases of the kidneys with involvement the interstitium and tubules. In this condition the glomeruli are intact or may affect in the late stage of disease.
according to clinical manifestations and the inflammatory process, TIN, in spite of the etiologic agent, can be divided into acute and chronic categories.
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Interstitial nephritis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | KUB X Ray | CT | MRI | Biopsy and Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies