Generalized anxiety disorder historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Irfan Dotani
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Overview
Anxiety was recognized as a symptom by Sigmund Freud.
Historical Perspective
- In the late 19th century, Sigmund Freud recognized anxiety as:
- A "signal of danger"
- A cause of "defensive behavior"
- He believed we acquire anxious feelings through classical conditioning and traumatic experiences.
- In the 19th century into the 20th century, the terms used to diagnose generalized anxiety included:
- “Pantophobia”
- “Anxiety neurosis”
- Such terms designated paroxysmal manifestations (panic attacks) as well as interparoxysmal phenomenology (the apprehensive mental state).
- Generalized anxiety was considered one of the numerous symptoms of neurasthenia, a vaguely defined illness.
- In 1980, 'The American Psychiatric Association' introduced GAD as a diagnosis in the DSM-III.
- Anxiety neurosis was split into:
- GAD
- Panic disorder
- We maintain anxiety through operant conditioning;
- When we see or encounter something associated with a previous traumatic experience, anxious feelings resurface.
- We feel temporarily relieved when we avoid situations which make us anxious.
- Anxiety neurosis was split into: