Peripheral neuropathy natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy usually start with symptoms such as numbness, prickling or tingling in feet or hands, which can spread upward into legs and arms.
- The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy typically develop five years after diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Fifty percent of people with diabetes eventually develop diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Complications
- Common complications of peripheral neuropathy include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
- Foot ulcers
- Gangrene of the limbs from infected wounds
- Amputation from infected wounds
- Cardiovascular automatic neuropathy
- Gastroparesis
- Bladder control loss
- Fecal incontinence
- Ataxia and frequent falls
Prognosis
- Peripheral neuropathy may worsen over time.[1]
- Very few forms of peripheral neuropathy are fatal:[1]
- Cardiac autonomic neuropathy is a frequent chronic complication of diabetes mellitus with potentially life-threatening outcomes.[8][9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Marchettini P, Lacerenza M, Mauri E, Marangoni C (2006). "Painful peripheral neuropathies". Curr Neuropharmacol. 4 (3): 175–81. PMC 2430688. PMID 18615140.
- ↑ Karabouta Z, Barnett S, Shield JP, Ryan FJ, Crowne EC (2008). "Peripheral neuropathy is an early complication of type 2 diabetes in adolescence". Pediatr Diabetes. 9 (2): 110–4. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00339.x. PMID 18221439.
- ↑ Greene DA, Sima AA, Stevens MJ, Feldman EL, Lattimer SA (1992). "Complications: neuropathy, pathogenetic considerations". Diabetes Care. 15 (12): 1902–25. PMID 1464245.
- ↑ Singh S, Chand G, Charan S, Arora S, Singh P (2013). "Peripheral arterial disease and digital gangrene: a rare presentation of diabetic hand syndrome". J Clin Diagn Res. 7 (10): 2286–7. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2013/5584.3498. PMC 3843397. PMID 24298503.
- ↑ Smith JK, Myers KP, Holloway RG, Landau ME (2014). "Ethical considerations in elective amputation after traumatic peripheral nerve injuries". Neurol Clin Pract. 4 (4): 280–286. doi:10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000049. PMC 4160445. PMID 25279253.
- ↑ Serhiyenko VA, Serhiyenko AA (2018). "Cardiac autonomic neuropathy: Risk factors, diagnosis and treatment". World J Diabetes. 9 (1): 1–24. doi:10.4239/wjd.v9.i1.1. PMC 5763036. PMID 29359025.
- ↑ Burakgazi AZ, Alsowaity B, Burakgazi ZA, Unal D, Kelly JJ (2012). "Bladder dysfunction in peripheral neuropathies". Muscle Nerve. 45 (1): 2–8. doi:10.1002/mus.22178. PMID 22190298.
- ↑ Freeman R (2005). "Autonomic peripheral neuropathy". Lancet. 365 (9466): 1259–70. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74815-7. PMID 15811460.
- ↑ Pop-Busui R (2010). "Cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetes: a clinical perspective". Diabetes Care. 33 (2): 434–41. doi:10.2337/dc09-1294. PMC 2809298. PMID 20103559.