Acute lymphoblastic leukemia history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Carlos A Lopez, M.D. [3]
Overview
Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include generalised weakness and fatigue, frequent or unexplained fever and infections, weight loss and/or loss of appetite, excessive bruising, bleeding from wounds, nosebleeds, petechiae, bone pain, joint pains and dyspnea.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia include the following:[1][2][3][4]
- Generalised weakness and fatigue
- Anemia
- Frequent or unexplained fever and infections
- Weight loss
- Anorexia
- Excessive bruising
- Petechiae
- Excessive bleeding from minor wounds
- Epistaxis
- Bone pain
- Arthralgia (caused by the spread of "blast" cells to the surface of the bone or into the joint from the marrow cavity)
- Dyspnea
The symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia result from the lack of normal and healthy blood cells because they are crowded out by malignant and immature leukocytes (white blood cells). Therefore, people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia experience symptoms from dysfunctional erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
References
- ↑ Clarke RT, Van den Bruel A, Bankhead C, Mitchell CD, Phillips B, Thompson MJ (October 2016). "Clinical presentation of childhood leukaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis". Arch. Dis. Child. 101 (10): 894–901. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-311251. PMID 27647842.
- ↑ Vesterby A, Myhre Jensen O (September 1985). "Aseptic bone/bone marrow necrosis in leukaemia". Scand J Haematol. 35 (3): 354–7. PMID 4059858.
- ↑ Sinigaglia R, Gigante C, Bisinella G, Varotto S, Zanesco L, Turra S (2008). "Musculoskeletal manifestations in pediatric acute leukemia". J Pediatr Orthop. 28 (1): 20–8. doi:10.1097/BPO.0b13e31815ff350. PMID 18157042.
- ↑ Pui CH (January 2009). "Acute lymphoblastic leukemia: introduction". Semin. Hematol. 46 (1): 1–2. doi:10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.09.011. PMC 2638983. PMID 19100362.