Macrocytic anemia historical perspective

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2] Omer Kamal, M.D.[3]

Overview

Megaloblastic anemia and pernicious anemia was first discovered by Osler and Gardner in 1877 at Montreal. Increase in bone marrow cellls was noted by Cohnheim in 1876. The association between megaloblastic(pernicious) anemia and spinal cord lesions was made in 1887 by Lichtheim. In 1908, Cabot was the first to discover the association between megaloblastic anemia and the development of numbness and tingling of extremities.In 1923, Minot and Murphy started a diet for people with anemia which had animal sources like liver, muscle meat, leafy vegetables, eggs and milk. they discovered rises in cell count and hemoglobin levels.for which they were awarded with Nobel prize for medicine and physiology .

Historical Perspective

Discovery

Following facts were found in historical perspective:

• Megaloblastic anemia and pernicious anemia was first discovered by Osler and Gardner in 1877 at Montreal.
• Increase in bone marrow cellls was noted by Cohnheim in 1876.

• The association between megaloblastic(pernicious) anemia and spinal cord lesions was made in 1887 by Lichtheim.
• Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord was coined by Russell et al in 1900.
• In 1908, Cabot was the first to discover the association between megaloblastic anemia and the development of numbness and tingling of extremities.
• In 1923, Minot and Murphy started a diet for people with anemia which had animal sources like liver, muscle meat, leafy vegetables, eggs and milk. they discovered rises in cell count and hemoglobin levels.
• In 1934, Whipple, Minot and Murphy were awarded with Nobel prize for medicine and physiology for saving the lives of anemic people with dietary measures.