Astrocytoma epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ammu Susheela, M.D. [2]
Overview
In 2014 the incidence of pilocytic astrocytoma is 0.23 per 100,000 and the number of new cases is 700 per year in United States. Patients of all age groups may develop astrocytoma. Pilocytic astrocytoma accounts for 0.6-5.1% of all intracranial neoplasms.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of astrocytoma is 0.23 per 100,000 and the number of new cases is 700 per year.[1]
- Diffuse astrocytoma has an incidence of 0.1 per 100,000, with 1500 to 1800 new cases per year in North America.
- Anaplastic astrocytoma has an incidence of 0.49 per 100,000 per year.
- Glioblastoma has an incidence of 5 per 100,000 per year.
- Pilocytic astrocytoma accounting for between 0.6-5.1% of all intracranial neoplasms (1.7-7% of all glial tumors) are the most common primary brain tumor of childhood, accounting for 70-85% of all cerebellar astrocytomas.[2]
Prevalence
- In 2012, there were an estimated 148,818 people living with brain and other nervous system cancer in the United States.
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
Age
- People can develop astrocytomas at any age.
- The low-grade type is more often found in children or young adults, while the high-grade type is more prevalent in adults.
- Subependymal giant cell tumors are a well known manifestation of TS, affecting 5-15% of patients with the condition. They are principally diagnosed in patients under 20 years of age, but are occasionally found in older people[5].
- Anaplastic astrocytomas occur in adulthood with peak incidence between 40 and 50 years of age, which is older than low grade astrocytomas and younger than glioblastoma.[6]
- Pilocytic astrocytomas are tumors of young people, with 75% occurring in the first two decades of life, typically late in the first decade (9-10 years). The mean age of presentation is 17 years[5]
- The median age of diffuse astrocytoma at diagnosis is 35 years, with a biphasic age distribution at 6 to 12 years and 26 to 46 years.
- Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma has a median age at presentation of 22 years.
- Mean age at diagnosis of anaplastic astrocytoma of 40 years.
- The peak incidence of glioblastoma is at ages 65 to 74 years.
- Diffuse low grade gliomas of the cerebral hemispheres are typically diagnosed in young adults between 20-45 years old (mean 35 years of age). There is in fact a biphasic distribution, with one peak in childhood (6-12 years) and the other peak in early adulthood (26-46 years).[7][8]
Gender
- Pilocytic astrocytoma is more common in men, who account for 62% of all cases.
- The male-to-female ratio of diffuse astrocytoma is 1.5:1.
- The male-to-female ratio of anaplastic astrocytoma is 1.8:1.
Race
- Astrocytoma is more common in caucasian race.[4]
References
- ↑ "BMJ astrocytic brain tumors".
- ↑ "Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program".
- ↑ Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, de Blank PM, Finlay JL, Gurney JG, McKean-Cowdin R, Stearns DS, Wolff JE, Liu M, Wolinsky Y, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS (January 2016). "American Brain Tumor Association Adolescent and Young Adult Primary Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2008-2012". Neuro-oncology. 18 Suppl 1: i1–i50. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nov297. PMC 4690545. PMID 26705298.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ostrom QT, Cote DJ, Ascha M, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS (September 2018). "Adult Glioma Incidence and Survival by Race or Ethnicity in the United States From 2000 to 2014". JAMA Oncol. 4 (9): 1254–1262. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.1789. PMID 29931168.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma [Dr Bruno Di Muzio and Dr Jeremy Jones]".
- ↑ Atlas, Scott (2009). Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 078176985X.
- ↑ Tonn, FirstName (2006). Neuro-oncology of CNS tumors. Berlin New York: Springer. ISBN 3540258337.
- ↑ "Low grade infiltrative astrocytoma radio2015 [Dr Bruno Di Muzio and Dr Frank Gaillard]".