Pleomorphic adenoma natural history, complications and prognosis

Pleomorphic adenoma Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• Pleomorphic adenoma usually presents as an asymptomatic disease.
• If symptomatic it presents as a slow growing, painless and a palpable single nodular mass.
• If left untreated patients with Pleomorphic adenoma may progress to malignant transformation.

Complications

• Facial disfigurement which can lead to severe emotional distress.
• Multiple recurrences can be problem especially when pleomorphic adenoma occurs in parotid gland.
• Facial nerve weakness(palsy) especially after superficial parotidectomy.

Intra-operative complications	Post-operative complications
Transection of facial nerve	Rupture of capsule of parotid tumor	Incomplete surgical resection of parotid tumor Prognosis Prognosis is generally excellent for most of the patients after surgical resection. Depending on the extent of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary sometimes. Recurrence can be a problem if the tumor arises from the parotid gland. 2-7% of cases can go into malignant transformation if left untreated. References