Carcinoid syndrome CT
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Carcinoid syndrome CT On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Carcinoid syndrome CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]
Overview
Chest CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. On high-resolution CT scan of the chest, peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor is characterized by a solitary and round pulmonary nodule with a lobulated margin, whereas bronchial carcinoid tumor is characterized by a single well-defined, round or ovoid, hilar or perihilar mass with marked homogenous enhancement. On CT scan of the neck, thymic carcinoid tumor is characterized by a mass with heterogeneous attenuation.
CT
Midgut Carcinoids
- CT is poor in detecting primary carcinoid tumours but helpful in evaluating the extent of tumour spread before surgical exploration.[1]
- Most common finding is liver metastase.
- Mesenteric metastses and retroperitoneal adenopathy can also be detected.
- Carcinoids that have infiltrated the mesentery have a characteristic CT appearance as a ill-defined mesenteric mass containing calcification in up to 70% of cases.[2]
- Three-dimensional CT angiography detects mesenteric mass and its relationship to the vessels which is important for surgical planning.
Peripheral Pulmonary Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest
Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumor include:[3]
- Discovered as an incidental solitary and round pulmonary nodule
- Size at diagnosis can vary but ranges between 10-30 mm
- Lobulated margin
Bronchial Carcinoid Tumor High-Resolution CT Chest
Findings on high-resolution CT scan suggestive of bronchial carcinoid tumor include:[4][5]
- Well-defined single hilar or perihilar mass
- Round or ovoid in shape
- Variable in size but typically ranges between 2-5 cm
- Marked homogeneous contrast enhancement due to high vascularity
- Calcification (usually eccentric) can occur
Thymic Carcinoid
Findings on neck CT scan suggestive of thymic carcinoid tumor include:[6]
- Mass with heterogeneous attenuation
Gallery
![[7]](/index.php/File:Carcinoid-001.jpg)
![[7]](/index.php/File:Carcinoid-002.jpg)
![[7]](/index.php/File:Carcinoid-003.jpg)
![[7]](/index.php/File:Carcinoid-004.jpg)
References
- ↑ Sugimoto E, Lörelius LE, Eriksson B, Oberg K (July 1995). "Midgut carcinoid tumours. CT appearance". Acta Radiol. 36 (4): 367–71. PMID 7619613.
- ↑ Cockey BM, Fishman EK, Jones B, Siegelman SS (1985). "Computed tomography of abdominal carcinoid tumor". J Comput Assist Tomogr. 9 (1): 38–42. PMID 3968277.
- ↑ Peripheral pulmonary carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/peripheral-pulmonary-carcinoid-tumour
- ↑ Bronchial carcinoid tumour. Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/bronchial-carcinoid-tumour
- ↑ Jeung MY, Gasser B, Gangi A, Charneau D, Ducroq X, Kessler R, Quoix E, Roy C (2002). "Bronchial carcinoid tumors of the thorax: spectrum of radiologic findings". Radiographics. 22 (2): 351–65. doi:10.1148/radiographics.22.2.g02mr01351. PMID 11896225.
- ↑ Thymic carcinoid tumour. Dr Yuranga Weerakkody and Dr Mohammad Taghi Niknejad et al. Radiopaedia 2015. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/thymic-carcinoid-tumour
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Image courtesy of Dr Henry Knipe and Dr Yuranga Weerakkody et al. Radiopaedia (original file [1]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC