Friedreich's ataxia epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[[2]]
Overview
Epidemiology and demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of Friedreich’s ataxia is approximately 2-4 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
Prevalence
- The prevalence of Friedreich’s ataxia is approximately 2-4 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.[1]
Age
- Friedreich’s Ataxia commonly affects individuals from early childhood through to early adulthood, starting with poor balance when walking, followed by slurred speech and upper-limb ataxia.[1]
- Friedreich’s Ataxia is usually first diagnosed at age 10 to 15 years but onset of disease may be as early as age 2 years and as late as the 8th decade.[1]
Race and Region
- The GAA triplet repeat expansion that causes Friedreich’s Ataxia usually affects only individuals of the European, North African, Middle Eastern, or Indian origin (Indo-European and Afro-Asiatic speakers).[2]
- Sub-Saharan Africans, Amerindians, and individuals from China, Japan, and Southeast Asia are less likely to develop Friedreich’s Ataxia.[3]
Gender
- Friedreich’s Ataxia affects men and women equally.
- Female are more commonly affected by clinical fractures than male.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Adam MP, Ardinger HH, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Bean L, Stephens K, Amemiya A, Bidichandani SI, Delatycki MB. PMID 20301458. Vancouver style error: initials (help); Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Grichois ML, Blanc J, Deckert V, Elghozi JL (June 1992). "Differential effects of enalapril and hydralazine on short-term variability of blood pressure and heart rate in rats". J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 19 (6): 863–9. PMID 1376805.
- ↑ Escudero E, Moreyra A, Iveli C, Lardani H, Cingolani HE (April 1973). "[Myocardial contractility: an experimental analysis of various proposed indices]". Acta Physiol Lat Am (in Spanish; Castilian). 23 (4): 250–69. PMID 4768799.