Adrenocortical carcinoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [3] Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D [4]

Overview

Adrenocortical carcinoma can be classified according to hormone production, and histological appearance. ACC may secrete cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone or estrogen. Other variants include oncocytic adrenal cortical carcinoma, myxoid adrenal cortical carcinoma, and carcinosarcoma.

Classification

Adrenocortical carcinomas are classified based on:^[1]

Hormones production:

Functional

A Functional adrenocortical carcinoma may produce one or more of the following hormones:^[2]

Nonfunctional

A nonfunctional adrenocortical carcinoma does not procuce any of the above hormones.

Histology:

Adrenocortical carcinoma can be classified according to the differentiation of the tissue under the microscope into:

Well-differentiated
Intermediate differentiated
Poorly differentiated
Anaplastic

Variants:

Oncocytic adrenal cortical carcinoma
Myxoid adrenal cortical carcinoma
Carcinosarcoma
Adenosquamous adrenocortical carcinoma
Clear cell adrenal cortical carcinoma

References

↑ de Krijger RR, Papathomas TG (2012). "Adrenocortical neoplasia: evolving concepts in tumorigenesis with an emphasis on adrenal cortical carcinoma variants". Virchows Arch. 460 (1): 9–18. doi:10.1007/s00428-011-1166-y. PMC 3267029. PMID 22086150.
↑ Ganeshan D, Bhosale P, Kundra V (2012). "Current update on cytogenetics, taxonomy, diagnosis, and management of adrenocortical carcinoma: what radiologists should know". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199 (6): 1283–93. doi:10.2214/AJR.11.8282. PMID 23169720.

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[pmid22086150-1] Krijger RR, Papathomas TG (2012). "Adrenocortical neoplasia: evolving concepts in tumorigenesis with an emphasis on adrenal cortical carcinoma variants". Virchows Arch. 460 (1): 9–18. doi:10.1007/s00428-011-1166-y. PMC 3267029. PMID 22086150.

[pmid23169720-2] Ganeshan D, Bhosale P, Kundra V (2012). "Current update on cytogenetics, taxonomy, diagnosis, and management of adrenocortical carcinoma: what radiologists should know". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 199 (6): 1283–93. doi:10.2214/AJR.11.8282. PMID 23169720.

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