Patent foramen ovale pathophysiology
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Patent Foramen Ovale Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [3]
Overview
A patent foramen ovale is a flap-like structure in inter-atrial septum that is formed by failure of postnatal fusion of septum primum and septum secundum. It periodically opens and allows blood to shunt between the two atria. Thus, it is also sometimes called as a probe patent (PFO). This flap-like structure functions like a one-way valve mechanism that only opens to allow blood to flow from the right atrium to the left atrium during times where there is an increase flow or pressure in the right atrium. Elevation of pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (i.e. pulmonary hypertension, cough or valsalva maneuver) can cause the foramen ovale to open.
Pathophysiology
Physiology
Pathogenesis
- Patent foramen ovale is an opening between the septum primum and septum secundum that stays open after 1 year of age.[1]
Associated Conditions
Conditions associated with patent foramen ovale include:
- Migraine headaches
References
- ↑ Morjaria R, Tsaloumas M, Shah P (2015). "An unusual presentation of patent foramen ovale". JRSM Open. 6 (8): 2054270415596320. doi:10.1177/2054270415596320. PMC 4562378. PMID 26380102.