Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Noha Elzeiny, M.B.B.Ch, M.Sc.[2]
Synonyms and keywords:PSVT, Narrow QRS complex tachycardia, Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, AVNRT, Supraventricular arrhythmia, Supraventricular tachycardia, Tachyarrhythmia, Arrhythmia.
Overview
Paroxysmal Supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is a subset of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), characterized by its episodic nature with sudden onset, sudden offset, regular, rapid rhythm and narrow QRS complex on Electrocardiogram (ECG), usually the patient is normal in between attacks and except for patients with preexisting heart disease, the prognosis is usually good.
Historical Perspective
Catheter-based radiofrequency ablation has improved the treatment of PSVT by precise ablation of the abnormal accessory pathway. First catheter ablations were in the early to mid-1980s, since then it has improved progressively especially in terms of safety and specificity.
Classification
SVTs are classified based on the origin and regularity of the rhythm. i
Atrial in origin
· Sinus tachycardia
· Inappropriate sinus tachycardia
· Sinoatrial nodal reentrant tachycardia
· Atrial flutter
· Atrial fibrillation
· Multi atrial focal tachycardia
AV nodal in origin:
· Junctional tachycardia
· Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia
· Atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
Regular SVT:
· All tachycardia originating from the AV node
· Sinus tachycardia
· Inappropriate sinus tachycardia
· Sinoatrial nodal reentrant tachycardia
· Atrial flutter
Irregular SVT
· Multifocal atrial tachycardia
· Atrial flutter with variable block
· Atrial fibrillation
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies