Pheochromocytoma history and symptoms
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]
Overview
Common symptoms of pheochromocytoma include episodes of palpitations, sweating and headaches.[1] Most patients are asymptomatic. Less common symptoms include cardiomypathy and episodic hypotension.[2] Patients may have a history of recurrent attacks of palpitation or family history of pheochromocytoma. Patients may show symptoms of other multiple endocrine neoplasias associated diseases such as that of medullary thyroid cancer and hyperparathyroidism.
History and Symtpoms
The hallmark of [pheochromocytoma] is recurrent episodes of palpitations, sweating, and headache.
History
Patients with pheochromocytoma may have a positive history of:
- Recurrent attacks of palpitations
- Headache and sweating
- Paroxysmal changes in blood pressure
- Family history of pheochromocytoma
- Family history of syndromes- MEN 2A, MEN 2B, NF1, VHL
Common symptoms
Common symptoms of pheochromocytoma are secondary to sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity. Symptoms usually subside in less than one hour and they may include:
- Palpitations especially in epinephrine producing tumors.[3]
- Anxiety often resembling that of a panic attack
- Sweating
- Headaches
- Paroxysmal attacks of hypertension but some patients have normal blood pressure
- Pheochromocytoma may be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally after screening for MEN patients
Less common symptoms
Less common symptoms of pheochromocytoma include:
- Cardiomyopathy: dyspnea on exertion, leg swelling, painful hepatomegaly.[4]
- Episodic hypotension.[5]
- Pheochromocytoma patients may show symptoms of other diseases associated with syndromes such as:
- MEN 2
- von Hippel-Lindau disease
- Angiomatosis
- Hemangioblastomas
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Cysts/tumors of the pancreas. [6]
References
- ↑ Stein PP, Black HR (1991). "A simplified diagnostic approach to pheochromocytoma. A review of the literature and report of one institution's experience". Medicine (Baltimore). 70 (1): 46–66. PMID 1988766.
- ↑ Baguet JP, Hammer L, Mazzuco TL, Chabre O, Mallion JM, Sturm N; et al. (2004). "Circumstances of discovery of phaeochromocytoma: a retrospective study of 41 consecutive patients". Eur J Endocrinol. 150 (5): 681–6. PMID 15132724.
- ↑ Bravo EL, Gifford RW (1993). "Pheochromocytoma". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 22 (2): 329–41. PMID 8325290.
- ↑ Kassim TA, Clarke DD, Mai VQ, Clyde PW, Mohamed Shakir KM (2008). "Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy". Endocr Pract. 14 (9): 1137–49. doi:10.4158/EP.14.9.1137. PMID 19158054.
- ↑ Bravo EL (1994). "Evolving concepts in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of pheochromocytoma". Endocr Rev. 15 (3): 356–68. doi:10.1210/edrv-15-3-356. PMID 8076587.
- ↑ Walther MM, Reiter R, Keiser HR, Choyke PL, Venzon D, Hurley K; et al. (1999). "Clinical and genetic characterization of pheochromocytoma in von Hippel-Lindau families: comparison with sporadic pheochromocytoma gives insight into natural history of pheochromocytoma". J Urol. 162 (3 Pt 1): 659–64. PMID 10458336.