Bartter syndrome historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
- Bartter syndrome was first discovered by Bartter et al.and introduced in a seminal paper in the December issue of the American Journal of Medicine in 1962.
- Authors in the paper reported two pediatric patients with growth and developmental delay associated with hypokalemic alkalosis and normal blood pressure despite high aldosterone production.
- The syndrome named after Bartter. This disease was observed in children as well as in adults, females as well as males.[1]
- Authors described in the paper that this disease is characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, secondary hyperaldosteronism, and normal blood pressure.
- Hyperrinemia on histopathological examination is characterized by hyperplasia of juxtaglomerular complex.[2]
- Fichman [3] , Verberckmoes [4], and Gill [5] in 1976 explained that the production of prostaglandin E2 increases in urine in patients with Bartter syndrome. Later, only the urinary metabolite 6 keto, PGF1, has been measured. Further investigation disclosed that the potent vasodilator PGI2 increases in the blood vessels in Bartter syndrome.[6]
- Earlier, physicians misdiagnosed cystic fibrosis as having Bartter syndrome. In cystic fibrosis, patients lose excessive quantities of sodium, potassium, and chloride in sweat. Excessive loss of electrolytes occurs in urine in a similar pattern in Bartter syndrome.[7]
References
- ↑ Proesmans W (2006). "Threading through the mizmaze of Bartter syndrome". Pediatr Nephrol. 21 (7): 896–902. doi:10.1007/s00467-006-0113-7. PMID 16773399.
- ↑ BARTTER FC, PRONOVE P, GILL JR, MACCARDLE RC (1962). "Hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular complex with hyperaldosteronism and hypokalemic alkalosis. A new syndrome". Am J Med. 33: 811–28. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(62)90214-0. PMID 13969763.
- ↑ Fichman MP, Telfer N, Zia P, Speckart P, Golub M, Rude R (1976). "Role of prostaglandins in the pathogenesis of Bartter's syndrome". Am J Med. 60 (6): 785–97. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(76)90892-5. PMID 798488.
- ↑ "www.kidney-international.org".
- ↑ Gill JR, Frölich JC, Bowden RE, Taylor AA, Keiser HR, Seyberth HW; et al. (1976). "Bartter's syndrome: a disorder characterized by high urinary prostaglandins and a dependence of hyperreninemia on prostaglandin synthesis". Am J Med. 61 (1): 43–51. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(76)90029-2. PMID 820194.
- ↑ Güllner HG, Cerletti C, Bartter FC, Smith JB, Gill JR (1979). "Prostacyclin overproduction in Bartter's syndrome". Lancet. 2 (8146): 767–9. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92116-0. PMID 90861.
- ↑ Davison AG, Snodgrass GJ (1983). "Cystic fibrosis mimicking Bartter's syndrome". Acta Paediatr Scand. 72 (5): 781–3. doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1983.tb09814.x. PMID 6356778.