Hemosiderosis natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

• The clinical spectrum of IPH ranges from asymptomatic cases to a chronic cough and dyspnea to repetitive hemoptysis with fatigue, anemia, and slowly progressive dyspnea and life-threatening acute respiratory failure.
• Common complications of IPH include Iron deficiency anemia and pulmonary fibrosis.
• Prognosis is generally variable, and the mean survival rate of patients with IPH is 2.5 to 5 years after diagnosis. Deaths can occur from acute massive hemorrhage or after progressive pulmonary insufficiency and right heart failure.

Natural History

• The clinical spectrum of IPH ranges from asymptomatic cases to a chronic cough and dyspnea to repetitive hemoptysis with fatigue, anemia, and slowly progressive dyspnea and life-threatening acute respiratory failure.

Complications

• Common complications of IPH include:
• Iron deficiency anemia
• Pulmonary fibrosis

Prognosis

Death may occur rapidly with acute, massive pulmonary bleeding or over longer periods as the result of continued pulmonary failure and left heart failure.