Cyanosis other imaging findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]

Cardiac Catheterization

Recommendations catheterization in congenital heart disease

Vagal maneuver (Class I, Level of Evidence A):

❑ Obtaining hemodynamic and anatomic data at the time of intervention

(Class I, Level of Evidence B) :

❑ Assessment of pulmonary resistance and reversibility of pulmonary hypertension in patients with CHD or primary pulmonary hypertension for surgical procedure or medical decisions ❑ Assessment of complex pulmonary atresia for determination of lung segmental pulmonary vascular supply, especially when noninvasive imaging are inadequate ❑ Determination of coronary circulation in pulmonary atresia with intact septum ❑ Follow-up of graft vasculopathy after cardiac transplantation

(Class I , Level of Evidence C)

❑ Assessment of patient before cardiac transplantation

(Class 2a, Level of Evidence B)

❑ Determination of pulmonary pressure/resistance and transpulmonary gradient in palliated single-ventricle patients before a staged Fontan procedure ❑ Assessment of cardiomyopathy or myocarditis ❑ Assessment of suspected congenital coronary artery anomalies

(Class 2a, Level of Evidence C)

❑ In any CHD patient in whom complete diagnosis and information cannot be obtained by noninvasive testing ❑ Assessment of anatomy and hemodynamics in postoperative cardiac patients when the early postoperative course is unexpectedly complicated and noninvasive imaging techniques ( cardiac MRA, cardiac CT angiography) fail to reach the diagnosis