Nausea and vomiting epidemiology and demographics
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Overview
Epidemiology and demographics
- In population studies, at least one episode of nausea was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of vomiting in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. [1]
- Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. [2]
Incidence
- Incidence of nausea and vomiting varies with the underlying cause.
- Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy effects 70% to 80% of all pregnant women. [3]
- Approximately 40% of patients experience nausea and 15%-25% patients experience vomiting with opioid use. [4]
- Incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting varies from 8%-92%. [4]
Prevalence
- In population studies, at least one episode of nausea was reported in more than 50% of adults, and one episode of vomiting in more than 30% of adults within the preceding 12 months, with nausea seen more in women than men. [1]
- Only 25% of people with acute symptoms of nausea and vomiting seek medical help. [2]
- The exact prevalence of idiopathic nausea and vomiting is not known. [5]
Age
- In a study of patients with nausea and vomiting in Australia between April 2000 and March 2006 vomiting was more often presented in children aged <15 years and decreased steadily with age. [6]
- Nausea was more often presented in age 15-25 years and less frequently in all other age groups.
Race
- White/African-Americans experience less nausea than Asian/Asian-American subjects. [7]
Gender
- Prevalence of nausea is more in females than males. [8]
- Nausea and vomiting associated with gastroenteritis is significantly more in males than in females. [6]
- Undiagnosed cases of nausea and vomiting are more commonly seen in females than males. [6]
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Mechanisms and Control of Emesis: A Satellite Symposium of the European ... - Google Books".
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Metz A, Hebbard G (September 2007). "Nausea and vomiting in adults--a diagnostic approach". Aust Fam Physician. 36 (9): 688–92. PMID 17885699.
- ↑ Lee NM, Saha S (June 2011). "Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy". Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 40 (2): 309–34, vii. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2011.03.009. PMC 3676933. PMID 21601782.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Mallick-Searle T, Fillman M (November 2017). "The pathophysiology, incidence, impact, and treatment of opioid-induced nausea and vomiting". J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 29 (11): 704–710. doi:10.1002/2327-6924.12532. PMID 29131554.
- ↑ Singh P, Yoon SS, Kuo B (January 2016). "Nausea: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutics". Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 9 (1): 98–112. doi:10.1177/1756283X15618131. PMC 4699282. PMID 26770271.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Britt H, Fahridin S (September 2007). "Presentations of nausea and vomiting". Aust Fam Physician. 36 (9): 682–3. PMID 17885697.
- ↑ Stern RM, Hu S, LeBlanc R, Koch KL (September 1993). "Chinese hyper-susceptibility to vection-induced motion sickness". Aviat Space Environ Med. 64 (9 Pt 1): 827–30. PMID 8216144.
- ↑ Haug TT, Mykletun A, Dahl AA (2002). "The prevalence of nausea in the community: psychological, social and somatic factors". Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 24 (2): 81–6. doi:10.1016/s0163-8343(01)00184-0. PMID 11869741.