Menopause epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Rahmah Al-Edresi, M.D.[2]
Overview
The prevalence of menopause is estimated to be about 25 million cases annually. Menopause naturally occurs in women between 49 to 52 of age the average. The fatality cases were 345 cases per 3191 women aged between 50-86 years in the United States. There is no racial predilection to Menopause, but African American women had experienced the largest number of menopausal symptoms compared with other ethnic groups.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence and Incidence
- In 1990 there were 467 million postmenopausal women in the world, with an average age of about 60 years, and the prevalence of menopause is estimated to be about 25 million cases worldwide will go into menopause annually.
- By 2030, menopausal women are projected to increase to 1.2 billion worldwide, with 47 million new cases annually.[1]
- The prevalence of menopausal symptoms differ in women according to areas and countries that they live them, the menopausal symptoms ranges from 74% of women in Europe, 36-50% in North America, 45-69% in Latin America and 22-63% in Asia.[2]
- The prevalence of menopausal symptoms among women prescribed hormone therapy (HT), the mean age of patients was 54 years. The most common menopausal symptoms were: hot flushes (40 %), night sweats (17 %), insomnia (16 %), vaginal dryness (13 %), mood disorders (12 %), and weight gain (12 %). Among the 102 patients, 163 individual visits listing menopausal symptoms were identified, of which hot flushes (71 visits) were the most common symptom identified. 85 % of postmenopausal women have experienced a menopause-related symptom in their lifetime, and the Prevalence of vasomotor symptoms( hot flushes and/or night sweats) alone is estimated at approximately 40 to 50 million women in the United States.[3]
- Menopausal symptoms differ in women according to areas and countries that they live them e.g. shoulder pain in Japan, hot flush In the West, and low vision in India.[4]
Age
- The onset age of menopause between the ages of 50-53 in Europe.
- In North America, the onset age of menopause from 50-51years.
- In Latin America, the onset age of menopause from 44- 53 years.
- In Asia, the onset age of menopause from 42-49 years.[2]
Mortality rate
- In 1997, the fatality cases were 345 cases per 3191 women aged between 50-86 years in the United States over a mean follow-up time of 4.0 years.
- The mortality rate ratio (MRR) was 1.50% for women with menopause at age < 40, and the MRR of women with menopause at age 40-44 was 1.04%. While the MRR for women with menopause at age 45-49 was 0.96%.[5]
Race
- The prevalence of menopause does not vary by race.
- The ethnic differences in the symptoms experienced during the menopausal transition were noted. Asian women had experienced the smallest number of menopausal symptoms compared with all other ethnic groups, but African American women had experienced the largest number of menopausal symptoms compared with other ethnic groups.[6]
References
- ↑ Hill K (1996). "The demography of menopause". Maturitas. 23 (2): 113–27. doi:10.1016/0378-5122(95)00968-x. PMID 8735350.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Palacios S, Henderson VW, Siseles N, Tan D, Villaseca P (2010). "Age of menopause and impact of climacteric symptoms by geographical region". Climacteric. 13 (5): 419–28. doi:10.3109/13697137.2010.507886. PMID 20690868.
- ↑ Sussman M, Trocio J, Best C, Mirkin S, Bushmakin AG, Yood R; et al. (2015). "Prevalence of menopausal symptoms among mid-life women: findings from electronic medical records". BMC Womens Health. 15: 58. doi:10.1186/s12905-015-0217-y. PMC 4542113. PMID 26271251.
- ↑ Singh A, Kaur S, Walia I (2002). "A historical perspective on menopause and menopausal age". Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 32 (2): 121–35. PMID 15981376.
- ↑ Cooper GS, Sandler DP (1998). "Age at natural menopause and mortality". Ann Epidemiol. 8 (4): 229–35. doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(97)00207-x. PMID 9590601.
- ↑ Tsukamoto T, Sasaki H, Nakamura H (1989). "Treatment of hemoptysis patients by thrombin and fibrinogen-thrombin infusion therapy using a fiberoptic bronchoscope". Chest. 96 (3): 473–6. doi:10.1378/chest.96.3.473. PMID 2670463.