Diabetic foot screening
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anahita Deylamsalehi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Screening
- The main focus of diabetic foot screening should be on peripheral neuropathy detection, since foot ulcer development is rare in the absence of neuropathy.[1]
- A regular foot examination should be done in diabetic patients, in order to detecting peripheral neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease and anatomical foot deformities.[2]
- It is recommended to perform a careful foot examination at least annually in diabetic patients who are over the age of 15. Nevertheless physicians should educate patients to perform self foot examination more often.
- In diabetic patients who have higher risk of diabetic foot ulceration more frequent (every 1-6 months) examinations and follow up should be considered.
- The following are some useful screening tools for diabetic foot screening:[3][4][5][6]
- Semmes-Weinstein monofilament
- Tuning fork
- Biothesiometer
References
- ↑ Armstrong DG, Lavery LA, Vela SA, Quebedeaux TL, Fleischli JG (1998). "Choosing a practical screening instrument to identify patients at risk for diabetic foot ulceration". Arch Intern Med. 158 (3): 289–92. doi:10.1001/archinte.158.3.289. PMID 9472210.
- ↑ Brownrigg JR, Apelqvist J, Bakker K, Schaper NC, Hinchliffe RJ (2013). "Evidence-based management of PAD & the diabetic foot". Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 45 (6): 673–81. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2013.02.014. PMID 23540807.
- ↑ Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Vela SA, Quebedeaux TL, Fleischli JG (1998). "Practical criteria for screening patients at high risk for diabetic foot ulceration". Arch Intern Med. 158 (2): 157–62. doi:10.1001/archinte.158.2.157. PMID 9448554.
- ↑ Kumar S, Fernando DJ, Veves A, Knowles EA, Young MJ, Boulton AJ (1991). "Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments: a simple, effective and inexpensive screening device for identifying diabetic patients at risk of foot ulceration". Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 13 (1–2): 63–7. doi:10.1016/0168-8227(91)90034-b. PMID 1773715.
- ↑ Mueller MJ (1996). "Identifying patients with diabetes mellitus who are at risk for lower-extremity complications: use of Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments". Phys Ther. 76 (1): 68–71. doi:10.1093/ptj/76.1.68. PMID 8545495.
- ↑ Forouzandeh F, Aziz Ahari A, Abolhasani F, Larijani B (2005). "Comparison of different screening tests for detecting diabetic foot neuropathy". Acta Neurol Scand. 112 (6): 409–13. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00494.x. PMID 16281925.