Mental retardation differential diagnosis
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2]
Overview
[Disease name] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as [differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].
OR
[Disease name] must be differentiated from [[differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].
Differentiating [Disease name] from other Diseases
[Disease name] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as [differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].
OR
[Disease name] must be differentiated from [differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].
OR
As [disease name] manifests in a variety of clinical forms, differentiation must be established in accordance with the particular subtype. [Subtype name 1] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], such as [differential dx1] and [differential dx2]. In contrast, [subtype name 2] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 2], such as [differential dx3] and [differential dx4].
Differentiating [disease name] from other diseases on the basis of [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3]
On the basis [symptom 1], [symptom 2], and [symptom 3], [disease name] must be differentiated from [disease 1], [disease 2], [disease 3], [disease 4], [disease 5], and [disease 6].
Diseases | Clinical manifestations | Para-clinical findings | Gold standard | Additional findings | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symptoms | Physical examination | ||||||||||||||
Lab Findings | Imaging | Histopathology | |||||||||||||
Symptom 1 | Symptom 2 | Symptom 3 | Physical exam 1 | Physical exam 2 | Physical exam 3 | Lab 1 | Lab 2 | Lab 3 | Imaging 1 | Imaging 2 | Imaging 3 | ||||
Differential Diagnosis 1 | |||||||||||||||
Differential Diagnosis 2 | |||||||||||||||
Differential Diagnosis 3 | |||||||||||||||
Diseases | Symptom 1 | Symptom 2 | Symptom 3 | Physical exam 1 | Physical exam 2 | Physical exam 3 | Lab 1 | Lab 2 | Lab 3 | Imaging 1 | Imaging 2 | Imaging 3 | Histopathology | Gold standard | Additional findings |
Differential Diagnosis 4 | |||||||||||||||
Differential Diagnosis 5 | |||||||||||||||
Differential Diagnosis 6 |
Differential Diagnosis
In alphabetical order.[1][2][3]
- Adrenoleukodystrophy
- Angelman Syndrome
- Autism spectrum disorder
- Communication disorders and specific learning disorder
- Congenital hypothyroidism
- Cri du chat syndrome
- Cytomegalovirus
- Deprivation syndrome
- Down's Syndrome
- Encephalitis
- Fragile X syndrome
- Galactosemia
- High bilirubin levels in babies
- HIV infection
- Hunter syndrome
- Hurler syndrome
- Hypoglycemia
- Idiopathic
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Intrauterine exposure to toxins
- Lack of oxygen
- Lesch-Nyhan's syndrome
- Listeriosis
- Low socioeconomic status
- Major and mild neurocognitive disorders
- Meningitis
- Metachromatic leukodystrophy
- Phenylketonuria
- Prader-Willi Syndrome
- Rett Syndrome
- Reye's Syndrome
- Rubella
- Sanfilippo syndrome
- Toxoplasmosis
- Trauma after birth
- Trauma before birth
- Trauma during birth
- Tuberous Sclerosis
References
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.