Bacterial pneumonia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Arooj Naz
Overview
Bacterial pneumonia may be due to a variety of underlying causes. The microorganisms responsible are divided into Typical and Atypical. Typical bacteria often result in a classic pneumonia whereas atypical bacteria lead to a much milder presentation often referred to as "walking pneumonia". These patients appear near normal but have extensive findings on chest x-ray.
Causes
Microorganisms
| Typical Pneumonia | Atypical Pneumonia |
|---|---|
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Legionella |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Haemophilus influenzae | Chlamydia pneumoniae |
| Group A streptococci | Chlamydia psittaci |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | |
| Anaerobes and aerobic gram-negative bacteria |
Causes of Nosocomial and Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
- Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
- Streptococcus species
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Escherichia coli
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Enterobacter species
- Acinetobacter species
Demographics
| Most common organism | |
|---|---|
| Neonates (<4 weeks old) | Group B streptococci, E coli |
| Children (4 weeks - 18 years) | |
| Adults (18 - 40 years) | |
| Adults (40 - 65 years) | |
| Elderly (>65 years) | |
| HIV Infected Patients |