Antisynthetase syndrome
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: M. Hassan, M.B.B.S
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Antisynthetase syndrome, an uncommon autoimmune disorder, is characterized by antibodies against aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases, with various combinations of three cardinal manifestations of interstitial lung disease (ILD), polymyositis, and arthritis. Other features of antisynthetase syndrome may include pyrexia of unknown origin, mechanic's hand (hyperkeratotic skin changes along the lateral surfaces of the digits) and Raynaud's phenomenon. [1] [2]
Till date, nine different anti-aminoacyl t-RNA synthetase (ARS) antibodies have been identified to play a role in the developed of antisynthetase syndrome. [1]
Historical Perspective
In 1990, Marguerie et al and coworkers first described antisynthetase syndrome as a triad of polymyositis, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and the presence of myositis-specific autoantibodies to aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetases. [3]
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Antisynthetase syndrome from other Diseases
Antisynthetase syndrome may be misdiagnosed as idiopathic interstitial lung disease (ILD) or inflammatory myopathy. This is due to the rarity and lack of awareness of the disease, as well as due to the lack of
Most cases of AS are either misdiagnosed as idiopathic ILD or inflammatory myopathy not only due to the lack of awareness of the disease entity but also due to the lack of facilities for detection of anti-ARS antibodies.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
Gender
Race
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Prevention
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Maturu VN, Lakshman A, Bal A, Dhir V, Sharma A, Garg M; et al. (2016). "Antisynthetase syndrome: An under-recognized cause of interstitial lung disease". Lung India. 33 (1): 20–6. doi:10.4103/0970-2113.173055. PMC 4748659. PMID 26933302.
- ↑ Robinson D, Scholz B (2020). "The antisynthetase syndrome". Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 33 (3): 401–403. doi:10.1080/08998280.2020.1764818. PMC 7340408 Check
|pmc=
value (help). PMID 32675964 Check|pmid=
value (help). - ↑ Devi HG, Pasha MM, Padmaja MS, Halappa S (2016). "Antisynthetase Syndrome: A Rare Cause for ILD". J Clin Diagn Res. 10 (3): OD08–9. doi:10.7860/JCDR/2016/16872.7361. PMC 4843302. PMID 27134916.