Cardiac amyloidosis (patient information)

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How do I know if I have cardiac amyloidosis and what are the symptoms of cardiac amyloidosis?

Most patients with cardiac amyloidosis may experience symptoms restrictive cardiomyopathy. While other may show no symptoms.

• Palpitations
• Shortness of breath, orthopnea
• Fatigue
• Increased nocturia
• Swelling of legs, ankles, or other part of the body

Who is at risk for cardiac amyloidosis?

Amyloidosis refers to a buildup of clumps of amyloids in body tissues and organs. These proteins called amyloids slowly replace normal tissue and resuly in organ function failure. Amyloidosis often occurs on patients with the following characteristics:

• Multiple myeloma: Cardiac amyloidosis usually occurs in patients with multiple myeloma.
• Male gender: Cardiac amyloidosis is more common in men than in women.
• Age over 40: The disease is rare in people under age 40.

How to know you have cardiac amyloidosis?

• ECG: This is a basic test for cardiovascular diseases that records the heart's electrical activity. During this test, you are asked to lie down. The health care provider will clean several areas on your arms, legs, and chest, and attach electrodes to these areas. Then, the electrical activities of your heart will be recorded. ECG may help your doctor identify the type of your arrhythmia, such as st-segment depression, ventricualr premature, tachycardia or heart block.
• Echocardiogram: This is also a painless and no risk test for patients. Cardiac echo can demonstrate both structure and function of the heart. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis may appear signs of ventricular wall hypertrophy and stiffness, several cardiac echogenic focus, and decreased ejection fraction.
• Chest x-ray: On chest x-ray, patients with cardiac amyloidsis may demonstrate images of enlarged heart and pulmonary congestion.
• Thoracoabdominal CT scan
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Nuclear heart scans
• Coronary angiography
• Cardiac biopsy

Diseases with similar symptoms

• Coronary artery disease
• Constrictive pericarditis
• Dilated cardiomyopathy
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Restrictive cardiomyopathy
• Sarcoidosis cordis

Where to find medical care for cardiac amyloidosis?

Directions to Hospitals Treating cardiac amyloidosis

Copyleft Sources

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000193.htm

http://www.umm.edu/ency/article/000193.htm

http://healthguide.howstuffworks.com/cardiac-amyloidosis-dictionary.htm