Pulmonary stenosis etiology and anatomy
|
WikiDoc Microchapters for Pulmonary valve stenosis |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Etiology
- Congenital pulmonic stenosis is most common.
- Rheumatic involvement is rare, is usually part of multivalvular involvement, rarely leads to serious deformity.
- Carcinoid plaques can be present in the carcinoid syndrome. These result in constriction of the pulmonic valve ring, retraction and fusion of the valve cusps.
Anatomy
- Typically the valve is domed shaped with fused commissures.
- If the foramen ovale is patent, then right to left shunting can occur at the atrial level.
- If there is pulmonary atresia with an intact ventricular septum then these patients die soon after birth.