Congenital heart disease causes
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Differentiating Congenital heart disease from other Disorders |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Keri Shafer, M.D. [2], Atif Mohammad, M.D., Priyamvada Singh, MBBS
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Current knowledge about the causes of congenital heart disease is scanty and largely based on small studies(<1,000 patients) .
Congenital heart diseases are multi-factorial in origin, with genetics and environmental factors playing a vital role in the causation of it.
Potential identified factors include[1]-
- Genetic- Many genetic conditions and syndromes are associated with congenital heart disease, such as DiGeorge syndrome (22q11 deletion syndrome), Holt-Oram syndrome, and Alagille syndrome. However, the large majority of those born with congenital heart disease do not have genetic syndromes. Existing research suggests that the genetics of congenital heart disease may vary by defect, with reported recurrences rates varying from 0% in transposition of the great arteries to 7.8% in atrioventricular septal defects. Overall total risk has been estimated at approximately 5%, but it is clear that more research is needed to further illuminate causation in congenital heart disease.
- Risk factors during pregnancy -
- maternal rubella infection (PDA, pulmonic valvular stenosis, ASD)
- chronic maternal alcohol abuse (VSD)
- Maternal lupus erythematous (congenital complete heart block)
- ingestion of thalidomide
- isotretinonin
- Lithium (tricuspid valve anomalies)
Sources
- The ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities [2]
References
1. “The Heart Chest.” Non-profit Organization.
- ↑ Braunwald Zipes Libby. Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 6th Edition chapter 43 : W.B. Saunders ; . pp 1505
- ↑ Epstein AE, DiMarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Estes NAM III, Freedman RA, Gettes LS, Gillinov AM, Gregoratos G, Hammill SC, Hayes DL, Hlatky MA, Newby LK, Page RL, Schoenfeld MH, Silka MJ, Stevenson LW, Sweeney MO. ACC/AHA/HRS 2008 guidelines for device-based therapy of cardiac rhythm abnormalities: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the ACC/AHA/NASPE 2002 Guideline Update for Implantation of Cardiac Pacemakers and Antiarrhythmia Devices). Circulation. 2008; 117: 2820–2840. PMID 18483207
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