Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)

For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here

WikiDoc Resources for Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Articles
Most recent articles on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Most cited articles on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Review articles on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Articles on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ
Media
Powerpoint slides on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Images of Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Photos of Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Podcasts & MP3s on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Videos on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Evidence Based Medicine
Cochrane Collaboration on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Bandolier on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) TRIP on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Clinical Trials
Ongoing Trials on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) at Clinical Trials.gov Trial results on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Clinical Trials on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) at Google
Guidelines / Policies / Govt
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) NICE Guidance on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) NHS PRODIGY Guidance FDA on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) CDC on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Books
Books on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
News
Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) in the news Be alerted to news on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) News trends on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Commentary
Blogs on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Definitions
Definitions of Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Patient Resources / Community
Patient resources on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Discussion groups on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Patient Handouts on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Directions to Hospitals Treating Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Risk calculators and risk factors for Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Healthcare Provider Resources
Symptoms of Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Causes & Risk Factors for Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Diagnostic studies for Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) Treatment of Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Continuing Medical Education (CME)
CME Programs on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
International
Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) en Espanol Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) en Francais
Business
Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information) in the Marketplace Patents on Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)
Experimental / Informatics
List of terms related to Foot-and-mouth disease (patient information)

Editor-in-Chief: Ethan Leeman

Please Join in Editing This Page and Apply to be an Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [1] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.

What is Foot-and-mouth disease?

Foot-and-mouth disease, FMD or hoof-and-mouth disease (Aphtae epizooticae) is a highly contagious and sometimes fatal viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals, including domestic animals such as cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats and pigs, as well as antelope, bison and other wild bovids, and deer. It is caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus.

Humans are very rarely affected. Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a picornavirus, the prototypic member of the Aphthovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. It is a highly variable and transmissible virus.

What are the symptoms of Foot-and-mouth disease?

The incubation period for foot-and-mouth disease virus has a range between 2 and 12 days.[7] The disease is characterised by high fever that declines rapidly after two or three days; blisters inside the mouth that lead to excessive secretion of stringy or foamy saliva and to drooling; and blisters on the feet that may rupture and cause lameness. Adult animals may suffer weight loss from which they do not recover for several months as well as swelling in the testicles of mature males, and in cows, milk production can decline significantly. Though most animals eventually recover from FMD, the disease can lead to myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle) and death, especially in newborn animals. Some infected animals remain asymptomatic, but they nonetheless carry FMD and can transmit it to others.

Causes

Humans can be infected with foot-and-mouth disease through contact with infected animals, but this is extremely rare. Some cases were caused by laboratory accidents. Because the virus that causes FMD is sensitive to stomach acid, it cannot spread to humans via consumption of infected meat, except in the mouth before the meat is swallowed.

There is another viral disease with similar symptoms, commonly referred to as "hand, foot and mouth disease", that occurs more frequently in humans, especially in young children; the cause, Coxsackie A virus, is different from FMDV. Coxsackie A also belongs to the Picornaviridae family . Coxsackie viruses belong to the Enteroviruses within the Picornaviridae.

Because FMD rarely infects humans, but spreads rapidly among animals, it is a much greater threat to the agriculture industry than to human health. Farmers around the world can lose huge amounts of money during a foot-and-mouth epizootic, when large numbers of animals are destroyed and revenues from milk and meat production go down.

Where to find medical care for Foot-and-mouth disease

Directions to Hospitals Treating Foot-and-mouth

Sources

(Wikipedia