Deep vein thrombosis pathophysiology
Editors-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [1]
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Deep Vein Thrombosis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Special Scenario |
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Trials |
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Case Studies |
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Deep vein thrombosis pathophysiology On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Deep vein thrombosis pathophysiology |
Overview
Rudolf Virchow noted several factors affecting the clot formation, which are:
- Alterations in blood flow (stasis)
- Injury to the vascular endothelium
- Alterations in the constitution of blood (hypercoagulability)
These are collectively known as Virchow's triad.
More deep venous thrombosis occurred in the left leg than in the right, the underlying cause being the compression of the left common iliac vein by the overlying right common iliac artery.(see May-Thurner syndrome)
Thrombi usually develop first in the calf veins, "growing" in the direction of blood flow. DVTs are distinguished as being above or below the popliteal vein. Very extensive DVTs can extend into the iliac veins or the inferior vena cava. The risk of pulmonary embolism is higher in the presence of more extensive clots.
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