Aortic regurgitation risk factors
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Aortic Regurgitation Microchapters |
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Acute Aortic regurgitation |
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Chronic Aortic regurgitation |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S. [2], Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [3], Mohammed A. Sbeih, M.D. [4]
Overview
In the past, the most common risk factor for aortic valvular disease has been rheumatic fever, fibrosis then leads to retraction of the cusps and prevents their apposition during diastole. In the modern era, a more common risk factor for acquired aortic regurgitation is degenerative disease of the aorta and aortic valve in which case there is calcification and fibrosis of the cusps. Infective endocarditis also considered an important risk factor and cause of aortic insufficiency. Congenital conditions such as congenital bicuspid aortic valve or a ventricular septal defect can also result in aortic insufficiency. Patients with bicuspid aortic valve are at increased risk of developing aortic dissection .
Risk factors
Some of the risk factors for aortic insufficiency due to aortic root disease include:
- Age-related degeneration of aortic root.
- Hypertension
- Aortic dissection
- Cystic medial necrosis of the aorta
- Giant cell arteritis
- Syphilitic aortitis
- Behçet's syndrome
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Reiter's syndrome
- Ulcerative colitis
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Relapsing polychondritis
Risk factors for acute aortic insufficiency include:
- Rheumatic Fever
- Bacterial Endocarditis
- Aortic dissection
- Traumatic aortic rupture following blunt chest trauma
- After aortic balloon valvotomy[1]
- Myxomatous aortic valve
Risk factors for chronic aortic insufficiency include:
- After aortic balloon valvotomy[1]
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Aortic Dissection
- Hypertension
- Rheumatic Fever
- Bacterial Endocarditis
- Arteriosclerosis
- Myxomatous aortic valve
- Cystic medianecrosis of aorta
- Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Marfan Syndrome
- Bechterew's Disease
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Reiter's Syndrome
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- Turner's Syndrome
- Ventricular Septal Defect
- Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
- Syphilis
- Weight loss medications
Precautions
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Isner JM (1991). "Acute catastrophic complications of balloon aortic valvuloplasty. The Mansfield Scientific Aortic Valvuloplasty Registry Investigators". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 17 (6): 1436–44. PMID 2016464. Unknown parameter
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