Actinomycosis

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Actinomycosis
A patient with Actinomycosis on the right side of the face.
ICD-10	A42
ICD-9	039
DiseasesDB	145
MeSH	D000196

Actinomycosis Microchapters
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Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Actinomycosis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
Chest X Ray
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Echocardiography or Ultrasound
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
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to Hospitals Treating Actinomycosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Symptoms

• Cervicofacial Actinomycosis (55%)

  • Acute painful pyogenic abscess or indolent angle-of-jaw mass

• Thoracic Actinomycosis

  • Lungs
  • Pleura
  • Mediastinum
  • Chest wall (aspiration, extension of cervicofacial disease, transdiaphragmatic or retroperitoneal spread)

    • Clinical picture of tuberculosis (TB) or malignancy

• Abdominal and Pelvic Actinomycosis

  • Following:

    • Penetrating trauma
    • Gut perforation
    • Surgical manipulation

  • Ileocecal predilection

    • Confused with:

      • TB
      • Ameboma
      • Chronic appy
      • Regional enteritis
      • Carcinoma
      • Intrauterine devices (IUD’s)

• Central Nervous System (CNS)

  • Brain abscess
  • Meningitis
  • Meningoencephalitis
  • Subdural empyema

Pharmacotherapy

• In vitro susceptible to:

  • Penicillin
  • Chloramphenicol
  • The tetracyclines
  • Erythromycin
  • Clindamycin
  • Imipenem
  • Streptomycin
  • The cephalosporins

    • Prolonged treatment (6-12 months)

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

• Surgery often required for disease of the chest, abdomen, pelvis, and central nervous system (CNS)

External links

• Journal of Infectious Diseases, Actinomycosis of the Tongue

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by: Dr. Steve Wiviott

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