Mononucleosis natural history

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Risk Stratification and Prognosis

Complications

• Heme

  • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • Thrombocytopenia
  • Granulocytopenia
  • Splenic rupture

• Neuro

  • Cranial nerve palsies (Bell’s palsy)
  • Encephalitis

• Liver

  • Hepatitis

• Cardiac

  • Pericarditis
  • Myocarditis

• Respiratory

  • Airway obstruction (adenopathy)

Fatalities from mononucleosis are near impossible in developed nations.

Uncommon, nonfatal complications exist, including various forms of CNS and hematological affection:

• CNS: Meningitis, encephalitis, hemiplegia and transverse myelitis. EBV infection has also been proposed as a risk factor for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), but this has not been affirmed.
• Hematologic: EBV can cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia (direct Coombs test is positive) and various cytopenias.

References

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